1. Now at that time the Blessed One was seated preaching the Dhamma, and
surrounded by a great multitude, including the king and his retinue. And
Devadatta rose from his seat, and arranging his upper robe over one shoulder,
stretched out his joined hands to the Blessed One, and said to the Blessed One:
'The Blessed One, Lord, is now grown aged, he is old and stricken in years, he
has accomplished a long journey, and his term of life is nearly run 1. Let the
Blessed One now dwell at ease in the enjoyment of happiness reached even in this
world. Let the Blessed One give up the Bhikkhu-samgha to me, I will be its
leader.'
'Thou hast said enough, Devadatta. Desire not to be the leader of the
Bhikkhu-samgha.'
[And a second time Devadatta made the same request, and received the same reply.
And a third time Devadatta made the same request.]
'I would not give over the Bhikkhu-samgha, Devadatta, even to Sâriputta and
Moggallâna.
p. 239
[paragraph continues] How much less, then, to so vile and evil-living a person
as you 1.'
Then Devadatta thought: 'Before the king and his retinue the Blessed One denies
me, calling me "evil-living," and exalts Sâriputta and Moggallâna.' And, angry
and displeased, he bowed down before the Blessed One, and keeping him on his
right hand as he passed him, he departed thence.
This was the first time that Devadatta bore malice against the Blessed One.
2. And the Blessed One said to the Bhikkhus, 'Let then the Samgha, O Bhikkhus,
carry out against Devadatta the Act of Proclamation 2 in Râgagaha, to the effect
that whereas the nature of Devadatta used to be of one kind it is now of
an-other kind, and that whatsoever he shall do, either bodily or verbally, in
that neither shall the Buddha be recognised, nor the Dhamma, nor the Samgha, but
only Devadatta.
'And thus, O Bhikkhus, shall the Act be carried out. Some discreet and able
Bhikkhu (&c.,
p. 240
in the same form as in I, I, 4, down to the end of the Kammavâkâ).'
And the Blessed One said to the venerable Sâriputta, 'Do you then, Sâriputta,
proclaim Devadatta throughout Râgagaha.'
'In former times, Lord, I have sung the praises of Devadatta in Râgagaha,
saying, "Great is the power (Iddhi) of the son of Godhi! Great is the might of
the son of Godhi!" How can I now proclaim him throughout Râgagaha?'
'Was it not truth that you spoke, Sâriputta, when you [so] sang his praises?'
'Yea, Lord!'
'Even so, Sâriputta, do you now, speaking the truth, proclaim Devadatta
throughout Râgagaha.'
'Even so, Lord,' said Sâriputta, in assent to the Blessed One.
3. And the Blessed One said to the Bhikkhus:
Let then the Samgha appoint Sâriputta to the office of proclaiming Devadatta
throughout Râgagaha to the effect (&c., as before, § 2). And thus, O Bhikkhus,
should he be appointed. First, Sâriputta should be asked, &c. (as usual in
official appointments 1, down to the end of the Kammavâkâ).'
Then Sâriputta, being so appointed, entered Râgagaha with a number of Bhikkhus,
and proclaimed Devadatta accordingly. And thereupon those people who were
unbelievers, and without devotion or insight, spake thus: 'They are jealous,
these Sakyaputtiya Samanas! They are jealous of the gain and hospitality that
fall to Devadatta!' But those who were believers, full of devotion, able, and
gifted with in-
p. 241
sight, spake thus: This cannot be any ordinary affair 1, in that the Blessed One
has had Devadatta proclaimed throughout Râgagaha!'
4. And Devadatta went to Agâtasattu the prince, and said to him: 'In former
days, prince, people were long-lived, but now their term of life is short. It is
quite possible, therefore, that you may complete your time while you are still a
prince. So do you, prince, kill your father, and become the Râga; and I will
kill the Blessed One, and become the Buddha.'
And prince Agâtasattu thought, 'This worthy Devadatta has great powers and
might; he will know (what is right).' And fastening a dagger 2 against his
thigh, he entered with violence and at an unusual hour 3, though fearful,
anxious, excited, and alarmed, the royal chamber. And when the ministers who
were in attendance in the private chamber saw that, they seized him. And when,
on searching him, they found the dagger fastened on his thigh, they asked him:
'What were you going to do, O prince?'
'I wanted to kill my father.'
'Who incited you to this?'
'The worthy Devadatta.'
Then some of the ministers advised 'The prince should be slain, and Devadatta,
and all the Bhikkhus.' Others of them advised 'The Bhikkhus ought not to be
slain, for they have done no wrong;
p. 242
but only the prince and Devadatta.' Others of them again said, 'Neither should
the prince be slain, nor Devadatta, nor the Bhikkhus. But the king should be
told of this, and we should do as the king shall command.'
5. So these ministers, taking the prince with them, went to the Râga of Magadha,
to Seniya Bimbisâra, and told him what had happened.
'What advice, my friends, did the ministers give?'
[When they had told him all (as before) he said]: 'What, my friends, can the
Buddha, or the Samgha, or the Dhamma have to do with this? Has not the Blessed
One had a proclamation already made throughout Râgagaha concerning Devadatta, to
the effect that whereas his nature used to be of one kind, it is now of another;
and that whatsoever he shall do, either bodily or verbally, that shall neither
the Buddha, nor the Dhamma, nor the Samgha be required, but only Devadatta?'
Then those ministers who had advised that the prince and Devadatta and all the
Bhikkhus should be slain, them he made incapable (of ever again holding office)
And those ministers who had advised that the prince should be slain, and
Devadatta, them he degraded to lower offices. But those ministers who had
advised that neither should the prince be slain, nor Devadatta, nor the
Bhikkhus, but that the king should be informed of it, and his command be
followed, them he advanced to high positions.
And the Râga of Magadha, Seniya Bimbisâra, said to prince Agâtasattu: 'Why did
you want to kill me, O prince?'
p. 243
'I wanted a kingdom, O king!'
'If you then want a kingdom, O prince, let this kingdom be thine!' And he handed
over the kingdom to Agâtasattu the prince 1'.
6. Then Devadatta went to prince 2 Agâtasattu, and said, 'Give such orders, O
king, to your men that I may deprive the Samana Gotama of life.' And Agâtasattu
the prince gave orders to his men: 'Whatsoever the worthy Devadatta tells you,
that do!'
Then to one man Devadatta gave command: 'Go, my friend, the Samara Gotama is
staying at such and such a place. Kill him, and come back by this path.' Then on
that path he placed other two men, telling them, 'Whatever man you see coming
alone along this path, kill him, and return by that path.' Then on that path he
placed other four men [and so on up to sixteen men].
7. And that man took his sword and shield, and hung his bow and quiver at his
back, and went to the place where the Blessed One was, and when at some little
distance from the Blessed One, being
p. 244
terrified, anxious, excited, and alarmed, he stood stark still and stiff 1.
On the Blessed One seeing him so, he said to the man: 'Come hither, friend,
don't be afraid.'
Then that man laid aside his sword and his shield, took off his bow and his
quiver, and went up to the Blessed One; and falling at his feet, he said to the
Blessed One: 'Transgression, Lord, has overcome me even according to my folly,
my stupidity, and my unrighteousness, in that I have come hither with evil and
with murderous intent. May the Blessed One accept the confession I make of my
sin in its sinfulness, to the end that in future I may restrain myself
therefrom!'
'Verily, my friend, transgression has overcome thee [&c., down to] intent. But
since you, my friend, look upon your sin as sin, and duly make amends for it, we
do accept (your confession of) it. For this, O friend, is progress in the
discipline of the Noble One, that he who has seen his sin to be sin makes amends
for it as is meet, and becomes able in future to restrain himself therefrom 2.'
Then the Blessed One discoursed to that man in due order, that is to say (&c.,
as usual in conversions 3, down to) May the Blessed One accept me as a disciple,
as one who, from this day forth as long as life endures, has taken his refuge in
him.
And the Blessed One said to the man: 'Do not, my friend, leave me by that path.
Go by this path.' and so dismissed him by another way.
p. 245
8. But the two men thought, 'Where now can that man be who was to come alone? He
is delaying long.' And as they were going to meet him, they caught sight of the
Blessed One sitting at the foot of a certain tree. On seeing him they went up to
the place where he was, and saluted him, and took their seats on one side. To
them also the Blessed One discoursed, [and they were converted as the other man
had been, and he sent them back by another way. And the same thing occurred as
to the four, and the eight, and the sixteen men 1.]
9. And the one man returned to Devadatta, and said to him: 'I cannot, Lord,
deprive the Blessed One of life. Great is the power (Iddhi 2) and might of the
Blessed One.'
'That will do, friend. You need not do so. I will slay the Blessed One myself.'
Now at that time the Blessed One was walking up and down (meditating) in the
shade below 3 the mountain called the Vulture's Peak. And Devadatta climbed up
the Vulture's Peak, and hurled down a mighty rock with the intention of
depriving the Blessed One of life. But two mountain peaks came together and
stopped that rock and only a splinter 4 falling from it made the foot of the
Blessed One to bleed 5.
p. 246
Then the Blessed One, looking upwards, said to Devadatta: 'Great, O foolish one,
is the demerit you have brought forth for yourself 1, in that with evil and
murderous intent you have caused the blood of the Tathâgata to flow.'
And the Blessed One said to the Bhikkhus: 'This is the first time that Devadatta
has heaped up (against himself) a Karma which will work out its effect in the
immediate future 2, in that with evil and murderous intent he has caused the
blood of the Tathâgata to flow.'
10. And the Bhikkhus having heard that Devadatta was compassing the death of the
Blessed One, walked round and round the Vihâra, making recitation in high and
loud tones, for a protection and guard to the Blessed One. On hearing that noise
the Blessed One asked the venerable Ânanda what it was. And when Ânanda [told
him], the Blessed One said: 'Then, Ânanda, call the Bhikkhus in my
p. 247
name, saying, "The Teacher sends for the venerable ones."'
And he [did so], and they came, and saluted the Blessed One, and took their
seats on one side. And when they were so seated, the Blessed One said to the
Bhikkhus: 'This, O Bhikkhus, is an impossible thing, and one that cannot occur,
that one should deprive a Tathâgata of life by violence. The Tathâgatas, O
Bhikkhus, are extinguished (in death) in due and natural course.
'There are, O Bhikkhus, these five kinds, of teachers now living in the world
(&c., as in VII, 2, 3, 4, down to the end). And this, O Bhikkhus, is an
impossible thing, and one that cannot occur, that a Tathâgata should be slain by
any act set on foot by any one besides himself. The Tathâgatas, O Bhikkhus, are
extinguished (in death) in due course (of nature). Go, therefore, O Bhikkhus,
each one to his Vihâra, for the Tathâgatas require no protection.'
11. Now at that time there was at Râgagaha an elephant named Nâlâgiri, fierce,
and a manslayer. And Devadatta went into Râgagaha, and to the elephant stables,
and said to the elephant-keepers 1: 'I, my friends, am a relative of the raga's,
and am able to advance a man occupying a low position to a high position, and to
order increase of rations or of pay. Therefore, my friends, when the Samana
Gotama shall have arrived at this carriage-road 2, then loose the elephant
Nâlâgiri, and let him go down the road.'
p. 248
'Even so, Sir,' said those elephant-keepers in assent to Devadatta.
And when the Blessed One early in the morning had dressed himself, he entered
Râgagaha duly bowled and robed, and with a number of Bhikkhus, for alms; and he
entered upon that road. On seeing him the elephant-keepers loosed Nâlâgiri, and
let it go down the road. And the elephant saw the Blessed One coming from the
distance; and as soon as it saw him, it rushed towards the Blessed One with
uplifted trunk, and with its tail and ears erect.
When those Bhikkhus saw the elephant Nâlâgiri coming in the distance, they said
to the Blessed One: 'This elephant, Lord, Nâlâgiri, is fierce, and a manslayer,
and it has got into this road. Let the Blessed One, Lord, turn back: let the
Happy One turn back.'
'Come on, O Bhikkhus. Be not alarmed. There is, O Bhikkhus, no possibility [&c.,
as in last section, down to the end].'
[And a second and a third time the Bhikkhus made the same appeal, and received
the same reply.]
12. Then at that time the people climbed up on to the upper storeys of the
houses, and on to the balconies, and on to the roofs. And those of them who were
unbelievers and without faith or insight, said, 'Truly the countenance of the
great Samana is beautiful; but the elephant will do him a hurt 1.' But those who
were believers, full of
p. 249
devotion, able, and gifted with insight, said, '’Twill be long e’er the elephant
can fight a fight with the elephant (of men)!'
And the Blessed One caused the sense of his love to pervade the elephant
Nâlâgiri 1; and the elephant, touched by the sense of his love, put down his
trunk, and went up to the place where the Blessed One was, and stood still
before him. And the Blessed One, stroking the elephant's forehead with his right
hand, addressed him in these stanzas:
'Touch not, O elephant, the elephant of men; for sad, O elephant, is such attack
2,
'For no bliss is there, O elephant, when he is passed from hence, for him who
strikes the elephant of men.
'Be not then mad, and neither be thou careless 3, for the careless enter not
into a state of bliss,
'Rather do thou thyself so act, that to a state of bliss thou mayest go.'
And Nâlâgiri the elephant took up with his trunk the dust from off the feet of
the Blessed One, and sprinkled it over its head, and retired, bowing backwards
the while it gazed upon the Blessed One.
And Nâlâgiri the elephant returned to the elephant stables, and stood in its
appointed place, and
p. 250
became once more the tame Nâlâgiri. And at that time the people sung these
verses:
'They can be tamed by sticks, and goads, and whips,
'But the great Sage has tamed this elephant without a weapon or a stick.'
13. The people were angry, murmured, and became indignant, saying, How wicked is
this Devadatta, and how wretched 1, in that he can go about to slay the Samana
Gotama, who is so mighty and so powerful.' And the gain and honour of Devadatta
fell off, while that of the Blessed One increased.
2Now at that time, when the gain and honour of Devadatta had fallen off, he
went, surrounded by Bhikkhus, to people's houses, appealing for alms 3.
The people were angry, murmured, and became indignant, saying, 'How can the
Sakyaputtiya Samanas live on food that they ask for at people's houses? Who is
not fond of well-cooked food? Who does not like sweet things?'
The Bhikkhus heard (&c., down to) the Blessed One said to the Bhikkhus
'Therefore do I lay down this rule, O Bhikkhus, for the Bhikkhus that
p. 251
[paragraph continues] (not more than) three shall enjoy an alms (together) at
people's houses--and this for the sake of three reasons; (to wit) for the
restraint of the evil-minded, and for the ease of the good 1, lest those who
have evil desires should, in reliance upon a particular party (among the
Bhikkhus), break up the Samgha 2, and (lastly) out of compassion for the laity
3. (A Bhikkhu) who shall enjoy an alms in parties of more than three, shall be
dealt with according to law 4.'
14 5. Now Devadatta went to the place where Kokâlika, and Katamoraka-tissaka,
and the son of Khanda-devî and Samudda-datta were, and said to them, 'Come,
Sirs, let us stir up a division in the Samana Gotama 's Samgha, and in the body
of his adherents 6.'
When he had thus spoken, Kokâlika said to Devadatta, 'The Samana Gotama, Sir, is
mighty and powerful. How can we [do such a thing]?'
'Come, Sirs, let us go to the Samana Gotama, and make the following five
demands, saying,
p. 252
[paragraph continues] "The Blessed One, Lord, has declared in many a figure the
advantages of the man who wishes for little, who is easy to satisfy in the
matter of support and nourishment, who has eradicated evil from his mind, has
quelled his passions, and is full of faith, of reverence, and of the exercise of
zeal 1. The following five things, Lord, conduce to such a condition 2. It would
be good, Lord, if the Bhikkhus should be, their lives long, dwellers in the
woods--if whosoever goes to the neighbourhood of a village should thereby commit
an offence. It would be good if they should, their lives long, beg for alms--if
whosoever should accept an invitation, should thereby commit an offence. It
would be good if they should clothe themselves, their lives long, in cast-off
rags--if whosoever should accept a gift of robes from a layman 3, should thereby
commit an offence. It would be good if they should dwell, their lives long,
under the trees 4--if whosoever should (sleep) under a roof, should thereby
commit an offence. It would be good if they should, their lives long, abstain
from fish 5--if whosoever should
p. 253
eat fish, should thereby commit an offence." The Samana Gotama will not grant
these things. Then will we gain over the people by means thereof.'
'Yes; it may be possible so to stir up divisions in the Samgha, and in the party
of the Samana Gotama. For the people believe in rough measures.'
15. And Devadatta went to the Blessed One, surrounded by his friends, and made
these demands [in the words just set out].
'No, Devadatta. Whosoever wishes to do so, let him dwell in the woods; whosoever
wishes to do so, let him dwell in the neighbourhood of a village. Whosoever
wishes to do so, let him beg for alms; whosoever wishes to do so, let him accept
invitations from the laity. Whosoever wishes to do so, let him dress in rags;
whosoever wishes to do so, let him receive gifts of robes from laymen. Sleeping
under trees has been allowed by me, Devadatta, for eight months in the year; and
the eating of fish that is pure in the three points--to wit, that the eater has
not seen, or heard, or suspected that it has been caught for that purpose.'
And Devadatta, pleased and delighted that the Blessed One had refused the five
demands, arose from his seat, and keeping him on his right hand as he passed
him, departed thence with his friends. And he entered into Râgagaha, and urged
his view upon the people by means thereof, saying, 'Such and such things did we
ask, Sirs, of the Samana Gotama. He would not allow them, but we live in
accordance with them.'
16. Then those of the people who were unbelievers, and without reverence or
insight, said. 'These Sakyaputtiya Samanas have eradicated evil
p. 254
from their minds, and have quelled their passions, while on the other hand the
Samana Gotama is luxurious, and his mind dwells on abundance 1.' But those of
the people who were believers, and full of reverence and insight, were
indignant, became vexed, and murmured, saying, 'How can Devadatta go about to
stir up division in the Samgha of the Blessed One, and in the party that is
subject to him.'
The Bhikkhus, hearing them so murmuring, told the matter to the Blessed One.
'Is it true, O Devadatta, as they say, that thou goest about to stir up division
in the Samgha, and in the body of my adherents?'
'It is true, Lord.'
'(Thou hast gone far) enough, Devadatta. Let not a division in the Samgha seem
good to thee 2;--grievous is such division. Whosoever, O Devadatta, breaks up
the Samgha, when it is at peace, he gives birth to a fault (the effect of) which
endures for a kalpa 3, and for a kalpa is he boiled in niraya. But whosoever, O
Devadatta, makes peace in the Samgha, when it has been divided, he gives birth
to the highest merit, and for a kalpa is he happy in heaven 4. Thou hast gone
far enough,
p. 255
[paragraph continues] Devadatta. Let not a division in the Samgha, O Devadatta,
seem good to thee. Grievous, O Devadatta, is such division.'
17. Now the venerable Ânanda, having dressed himself early in the morning, went
duly bowled and robed into Râgagaha for alms. And Devadatta saw the venerable
Ânanda proceeding through Râgagaha for alms. On seeing that he went up to the
venerable Ânanda, and said to him: 'At once, from this day forth, friend Ânanda,
I intend to perform Uposatha, and to carry out the formal proceedings of the
Order, without either the Blessed One or the Bhikkhu-samgha.'
And when the venerable Ânanda had gone through Râgagaha for alms, and had
returned from his rounds, and had finished his meal, he went to the Blessed One,
and bowed down before him, and took his seat on one side. And when he was so
seated, he told the Blessed One [what Devadatta had said, and added], 'This very
day, Lord, Devadatta will break up the Samgha.'
Then the Blessed One, when he heard that, gave utterance at that time to this
expression of strong emotion:
'Easy is a good act to the good, a good act is hard to the wicked;
'Easy is evil to the evil, but evil is hard for the Noble Ones to do.'
________________________
Here ends the Second Portion for Recitation.
Footnotes
238:1 This string of epithets recurs in Pârâgika I, 1, 2, of old and venerable
Brâhmans.
239:1 In the text read khavassa khelâpakassa. On the first word, compare V, 2,
8. For the second the Dhammapada commentator (Fausböll, p. 143) reads, as does
the Sinhalese MS. in our passage, khelâsika. Buddhaghosa, explaining it, says,
'In this passage (we should recollect) that those who obtain the requisites (of
a Bhikkhu) by an evil mode of life are said by the Noble Ones to be like unto
spittle. The Blessed One calls him khelâpaka (to ex-press that) he eats, (that
is, 'gains a living) in sin like that.' (For the Pâli, see the edition of the
text, p. 323, where the comma after khelasadisâ should be before it.)
239:2 Pakâsaniya-kammam. This is not one of the regular official acts of the
Samgha, as described in Kullavagga I, and is only mentioned in this passage. It
is not referred to by the Dhammapada commentator.
240:1 See, for instance, I, 22, 2.
241:1 Na orakam bhavissati. See Mahâvagga I, 9, 1, and Kullavagga VI, 4, 10, and
our note on the latter passage.
241:2 Potthanikam. This word has already occurred at Mahâvagga VI, 23, 3.
241:3 Divâdivassa. See the use of this word at Gâtaka II, 1.
243:1 The early literature already mentions that Agâtasattu eventually killed
his father. (See, for instance, Sâmañña-phala Sutta, p. 154.) Bigandet I, 261
(3rd edition) adds that the mode adopted was by starving him to death in prison.
243:2 The Buddhist writers being so especially careful in their ac-curate use of
titles, it is particularly noteworthy that Agâtasattu is here called prince
(kumâra) and not king (râga). It is almost impossible to avoid the conclusion
that this paragraph stood originally in some other connection; and that the
events it describes must then have been supposed to have taken place before
Agâtasattu actually became king. That the Dhammapada commentator says here
(Fausböll, p. 143) tasmim (that is. Agâtasattu) ragge patitthite, is no evidence
the other way; for that account is either taken from this, or depends ultimately
upon it.
244:1 Patthaddha; that is, prastabdha. See Sutta-vibhaṅga, Pârâgika I, 10, 17,
21.
244:2 This confession and acceptance are in a standing form, which occurs, for
instance, at Mahâvagga IX, 1, g; Kullavagga V, 20, 5.
244:3 See, for instance, Kullavagga VI, 4, 5.
245:1 The last two paragraphs of § 7 are repeated in full in the text in each
case.
245:2 The Iddhi here must be the power of religious persuasion.
245:3 Pakkhâyâyam. See Mahâvagga V, 1, 5, and Mahâ-parinibbâna Sutta II, 31 (p.
22 of the text).
245:4 Papatikâ. In the text, by a misprint, this and the preceding word have
been joined together.
245:5 Pâde ruhiram uppâdesi, where ruhira is equal to lohita. p. 246 It is so
used at Gâtaka II, 275, in the Milinda Pañha in the account of the present
incident in the Dhammapada commentary (p. 144). In Mahâvagga I, 67, where it is
said that one who has shed (a Buddha's) blood cannot be received into the Order,
the expression is lohitam uppâdeti: and in numerous passages elsewhere it is
added that such a lohituppâdako becomes ipso facto discharged from one or other
of the duties and privileges of a member of the Order, just as if he had thrown
off the robes.
246:1 Pasûtam. By a misprint the text has pasutam. Compare the end of § 16
below.
246:2 Ânantarika-kammam. That is, that will work out its effect, (not in the
next birth, as is the case of all other Karma,) but immediately, in the present
life. There are five such deeds (see Childers, sub voce pañk°, and Milinda
Pañha, p. 25). The Bodisats, according to Gâtaka I, 45 (verse 256), are free
from such sins.
247:1 Hatthi-bhande. See the note on Mahâvagga VI, 37, 2.
247:2 Rakkham; that is, rathyâm. Compare Gâtaka I, 346, and the Old Commentary
on the Bhikkhunî-vibhaṅga, Pâkittiya VII.
248:1 The setting of this paragraph is parallel to § 3 above in this chapter;
the speech of the unbelievers is the same as that of the Gatilas at Mahâvagga I,
15, 4.
249:1 Mettena kittena phari; literally, 'he suffused him with loving heart.'
Compare Rh. D.'s 'Buddhist Birth Stories,' i. p.112.
249:2 In nâgamâsado the m is inserted for euphony. See the instances given by
Kuhn, 'Beiträge zur Pâli-grammatik,' p. 63. Many others might be added;
siva-m-añgase, Gâtaka. vol. i, verse 27; samana-m-akala, Childers sub voce, &c.
Compare the curious use of âsâdeti at Kullavagga I, 27.
249:3 A play on the words is here lost in English (mâ mado mâ ka pamâdo).
250:1 Alakkhiko ti ettha na lakkhetîti alakkhiko na gânâtîti attho.
Apâkata-kammam karomîti na gânâtîti na lakkhitabbo ti alakkhano passitabbo ti
attho (B.). We venture to differ from both of these explanations, and to follow
rather the derivation of the word, and the meaning of the corresponding Sanskrit
term alakshmîka.
250:2 From here down to the 'decision' is identical with the introductory story
in the Sutta-vibhaṅga to the 32nd Pâkittiya,--a rule the previous existence of
which is implied in the decision given here.
250:3 Viññâpeti is continually used in the Sutta-vibhaṅga in this sense, and
even occurs already in the Pâtimokkha, Pâkittiya 39.
251:1 This whole phrase recurs in Sutta-vibhaṅga, Pârâgika I, 5, 11, and in the
Aṅguttara Nikâya II, 17, 2. In the latter passage Dr. Morris reads dummaññûnam;
see his note at pp. 127, 128. But the Sanskrit Buddhist vocabulary Vyutpatti
(teste Böhtlingk-Roth, s.v. maṅku) authorises the use of dummaṅku.
251:2 So the Aṅguttara, loc. cit., has, in the same connection, gihînam
anukampâya pâpikkhânam pakkhupakkhedâya.
251:3 See last note. The idea is here, of course, lest any particular layman
should be burdened by providing for many Bhikkhus.
251:4 That is, under the 32nd Pâkittiya, on which rule the Sutta-vibhaṅga
explains the phrase gana-bhogana.
251:5 Sections 14, 15, and the greater part of 16 recur, word for word, as the
introductory story to the 10th Samghâdisesa.
251:6 In kakka-bhedam the first word no doubt connotes 'kingdom, lordship,' as
in dhamma-kakka, kakkavatti, &c.
252:1 This is part of the standing 'religious discourse' so often ascribed to
the Buddha in the Vinaya texts, and given at full in the Kullavagga I, 1-3.
252:2 It was on precisely the same reasoning that a certain Bhikkhu in Mahâvagga
VIII, 28, 1, endeavoured to get the Buddha to convert to the rejection of all
clothing.
252:3 At Mahâvagga VIII, 1, 35, it is laid down that a Bhikkhu may either dress
in cast-off rags, or accept robes from a layman, according as he likes.
252:4 This dwelling under trees is expressly forbidden, as regards the season of
the rains, in Mahâvagga III, 12, 5.
252:5 The rule of the Order is merely that no one may knowingly eat fish which
he has seen or heard or suspected to have been caught for that purpose. See
Mahâvagga VI, 31, 14.
254:1 Bâhulliko bâhullâya keteti. Both these expressions occur above in
Mahâvagga VI, 15, 9, 10, and elsewhere (see, for instance, the introductory
stories to Gâtaka, Nos. 6 and 32) as the standing expression for the opposite of
the state of mind in which a good Bhikkhu ought to live.
254:2 Mâ te rukki samghabhedo. For the connotation of this phrase, compare
below, VII, 4, 4.
254:3 Kappatthikam kibbisam. At Gâtaka I, 172, 213, 215, Prof. Fausböll reads
kappa kappatthiya. In saying that the fault itself (kibbisam) is to endure for a
kalpa, the meaning of course is that its effects on the Karma will endure so
long.
254:4 Either the text has here preserved (as in other cases elsewhere) p. 255
the fragments of earlier verses, or the poetical forms of the verses below at
VII, 5, 4, have crept into the prose here, where we should otherwise expect
sagge and niraye.
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