Khuddaka Nikaya - Nettippakarana ( The Guide ) - The Trefoil and Hook
ACCORDING TO
KACCANA THERA
TRANSLATED FROM THE PALI BY
BHIKKHU NANAMOLI
Pali Text Society
[The Trefoil and Hook]
741. Herein, those who find outlet by the painful way with sluggish
acquaintanceship and [by that] with swift acquaintanceship are two
[types of] persons. And those who find outlet by the pleasant way
with sluggish acquaintanceship and [by that] with swift acquain-
tanceship are two [types of] persons (Pe 249).
742. Corruption for those four types of persons is as follows: the
four nutriments, four perversions, four assumings, four bonds, four
ties, four taints, four floods, four barbs, four steadying-points for
consciousness, and four goings on a bad way (see §674).
743. [125] Cleansing for these four types of persons is as follows:
the four ways, four foundations of mindfulness, four meditations,
four abidings, four right endeavours, four wonderful marvellous
ideas, four expressions, four ways of keeping concentration in being,
four ideas dealing with pleasure, and four measureless states (see
§713).
744. Herein, those who find outlet by the painful way with sluggish
acquaintanceship and that with swift acquaintanceship are two
types of persons, and those who find outlet by the pleasant way
with sluggish acquaintanceship and that with swift acquaintance-
ship are two types of persons (see §668; Pe 249).
745. Herein, one who finds outlet by the pleasant way with swift
acquaintanceship is one who gains knowledge from what is con-
densed. One who [does so by both the painful way with swift
acquaintanceship and the pleasant way with sluggish acquaintance-
ship] in common (see Pe 30) is one who gains knowledge by what is
expanded. One who finds outlet by the painful way with sluggish
acquaintanceship is guidable (see Pe 249J.
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746. Herein, the Blessed One discloses quiet to a person who gains
knowledge by what is condensed, insight to one who is guidable,
and quiet and insight to one who gains knowledge by what is
expanded.
747. Herein, the Blessed One discloses a blunt teaching of the True
Idea to a person who gains knowledge by what is condensed, a
keen one to one who is guidable, and a blunt-to-keen one to one who
gains knowledge by what is expanded (cf. §587).
748. Herein, the Blessed One teaches the True Idea in brief to a
person who gains knowledge by what is condensed, in brief and in
detail to one who gains knowledge by what is expanded, and in
detail to one who is guidable (cf. §587).
749. Herein, the Blessed One discloses escape to a person who gains
knowledge by what is condensed, disappointment and escape to a
person who gains knowledge by what is expanded, and gratification,
disappointment and escape to one who is guidable (cf. §§4Iff.;
§587).
750. Herein, the Blessed One describes training in higher under-
standing to one who gains knowledge by what is condensed, training
in higher cognizance to one who gains knowledge by what is
expanded, and training in higher virtue to one who is guidable
(cf.§587).
751. Herein, [to repeat,] those who find outlet by the painful way
with sluggish acquaintanceship and by that with swift acquaintance-
ship are two types of persons. And those who find outlet by the
pleasant way with sluggish acquaintanceship and by that with
swift acquaintanceship are two types of persons (§744).
752. [But although] four in this way they are [yet] three, namely
one who gains knowledge by what is condensed, one who gains
knowledge by what is expanded, and one who is guidable (cf.
§745).
753. The corruption of these three types of persons is as follows:
1. Three roots of unprofit: greed as a root of unprofit, hate as a
root of unprofit, delusion [126] as a root of unprofit (D. iii, 214).
745/1 Cf. rather similar treatment at Pe 31.
2. Three kinds of misconduct: bodily misconduct, verbal mis-
conduct, mental misconduct (D. iii, 214).
3. Three unprofitable type sof thinking: thinking of sensual
desires, thinking of ill-will, thinking of cruelty (D. iii, 215).
4. Three unprofitable types of perception: perception of sensual
desires, perception of ill-will, perception of cruelty (D. iii, 215).
5. Three distorted types of perception: perception of permanence,
perception of pleasure, perception of self ( ).
6. Three kinds of feelings: pleasant feeling, painful feeling,
neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling (D. iii, 216).
7. Three kinds of painfulness: painfulness in pain, painfulness in
change, painfulness in determinations (D. iii, 216).
8. Three fires: the fire of lust, the fire of hate, the fire of delusion
(D. iii, 217).
9. Three barbs: the barb of lust, the barb of hate, the barb of
delusion ( ).
10. Three tangles: the tangle of lust, the tangle of hate, the tangle
of delusion ( ).
11. Three unprofitable scrutinies: unprofitable bodily action,
unprofitable verbal action, unprofitable mental action (cf. M. i,
415).
12. Three failures: failure in virtue, failure in views, failure in
conduct (cf. A. i, 268, 270; Ybh. 246-7; Pe 250).
754. The cleansing of these three types of persons is as follows:
1. Three roots of profit: non-greed as a root of profit, non-hate
as a root of profit, non-delusion as a root of profit (D. iii, 214).
2. Three kinds of good conduct: bodily good conduct, verbal good
conduct, mental good conduct (D. iii, 215).
3. Three profitable types of thinking: thinking of renunciation,
thinking of non-ill-will, thinking of non-cruelty (D. iii, 215).
4. Three kinds of concentration: concentration with thinking and
with exploring, concentration without thinking and with only
exploring, concentration without thinking and without exploring
(Z>. iii, 219).
5. Three profitable types of perception: perception of renunciation,
perception of non-ill-will, perception of non-cruelty (D. iii, 215).
6. Three undistorted types of perception: perception of imper-
manence, perception of suffering, perception of not-self ( ).
7. Three profitable scrutinies: profitable bodily action, profitable
verbal action, profitable mental action (cf. M. i, 415ff.).
8. Three purenesses: bodily pureness, verbal pureness, mental
pureness (D. iii, 219).
9. Three successes: success in virtue, success in concentration,
success in understanding ( ).
10. Three trainings: training in higher virtue, training in higher
concentration, training in higher understanding (D. iii, 219).
11. Three categories: the virtue category, the concentration
category, the understanding category (see M. i, 301).
12. Three gateways to liberation: the void, the signless, the
dispositionless (see Ps. ii, 48, 69) (cf. Pe 252).
755. [Now although] four in this way [yet] they are three, being
three [yet] they are two,
1
namely one of craving-temperament
and one of view-temperament (§645; cf. Pe 253-4).
756. The corruption of these two types of persons is as follows:
1. Craving and ignorance (S. ii, 178),
2. consciencelessness and shamelessness (A. i, 95),
3. unmindfulness and unawareness (A. i, 95), [127]
4. [unreason and] unreasoned attention,
1
5. idleness and difficult admonishability,
6. I-making and my-making (A. i, 132),
7. faithlessness and negligence,
8. not hearing faith's true object, and non-restraint,
9. covetousness and ill will,
10. hindrances and fetters (S. ii, 178; cf. Ps. i, 143),
11. anger and spite (A. i, 95),
12. contempt and domineering (A. i, 95),
13. envy and avarice (A. i, 95),
755/1 I t may be noted here that the Pe allots its two sets of subsidiary
dyads to the Conversion-of-Relishing for subsumption under the pair of
Root-Dyads, as with the other two meaning-Guide-Lines; also that it places
this Guide-Line last, not first. Here, however, it is put first, with its pair of
Root-Dyads, but the whole procedure of subsumption is omitted from it,
the two sets of subsidiary dyads being put under the Trefoil as subsidiary
to its Root-Triads. This shows that the process of 'subsumption' of sets of
pairs under the Root-Pair is a mere detail and not an essential characteristic
of any particular Guide-Line.
756/1 Read ayoni ca ayonisomanasikdro ca (see §218 where 10 of these dyads
occur. Cf. also Pe p. 254, where they are rather different).
14. deceit and fraud (A. i, 95),
15. the eternalist view and the annihilationist view (cf. S. iv,
400-1; cf. Pe 254).
757. The cleansing of these two types of persons is as follows:
1. Quiet and insight (A. i, 61),
2. conscience and shame (A. i, 95),
3. mindfulness and awareness (A. i, 95),
4. [reason and] reasoned attention,
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5. instigation of energy and easy admonishability,
6. knowledge of the True Idea and knowledge of inferences,
7. knowledge of exhaustion and knowledge of non-arising,
8. faith and diligence,
9. hearing faith's true object and restraint,
10. uncovetousness and non-ill-will,
11. heart-deliverance due to fading of lust and understanding-
deliverance due to fading of ignorance (A. i, 61),
12. fewness of wishes and content,
13. unanger and unspitefulness (A. i, 96),
14. uncontempt and undomineering (A. i, 95),
15. abandoning of envy and abandoning of avarice (cf. A. i, 95),
16. science and deliverance (A. i, 83),
17. the kind of liberation whose object is determined and the kind
of liberation whose object is undetermined,
2
18. the extinction element with trace left and the extinction
element without trace left (Iti. 38).
758. This is called the plane of the Trefoil Guide-Line and the
Hook Guide-Line.
That is why it was said:
'Guiding [ideas of] profit and
Unprofit by their [triple] roots
As they are, really, not unreally,
That Guide-Line they call the Trefoil' (§22),
757/1 See n. 756/1. Read yoni ca yonisomanasikdro ca (see §218).
757/2 i
SankJmtdrammana—whose object is determined' : i.e., the 'temporary'
liberations consisting in the 4 Meditations and 4 Formless States (see Pug. 11).
'Asankhatdrammmm—whose object is undetermined' : i.e., the 'non-temporary'
liberation 'whose object is nibbdna\ and which consists in the four Paths,
4 Fruits of the Paths, and Cessation Attainment .
[and also]
'After [thus] plotting with the Plotting
Of Directions, what then throws up
All profit [ideas] and unprofit
And guides them in is called the Hook' (§25).
The Moulding of the Guide-Lines is ended.
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