Maha Buddhavamsa
The Great Chronicle of The Buddhas
by Tipitakadhara Mingun Sayadaw
Tathagata Settle in Mount Makula
During the Sixth Vassa
Tathagata dwells in the forest Mahavana, Vesali kingdom during the
fifth Vassa and liberate sentient beings that
should be freed. He left the place after the vassa was over,
and traveled to the kingdom of Savatthi and Rajagaha for
a similar mission.
Two Types of Travel
There are two types of trips that usually done by the Tathagata
according to the situation, namely, (1) a journey undertaken by
sudden (turita càrikà), (2) the planned trip
performed with ease, stopping at every village and town, every
distance of one or two Yojana per day (aturita càrikà).
Turita càrikà: The journey is done spur of the moment
know someone worthy of release: many examples
for this case for example: Tathagata travels
suddenly as far as three gàvuta to meet Venerable Maha
Kassapa. He then traveled as far as thirty
Yojana within a very short time to save
Alavaka giant; He did the same thing when
save Angulimala, a robber; He was
travel as far as fifty-five yojanas quickly to
gives a sermon to the King Pakkusàti after he became
monk; He traveled as far as one hundred twenty
Yojana in a short time to save Raja Maha
Kappina. He traveled as far as seven hundred yojana
in a short time to save Dhaniya, cow owner
that wealthy. Sudden trip to the mission called
turita càrikà.
When the Tathagata leave a certain place after the vassa
ends, and take a trip, he usually stopped at
every town and village for alms or food to
Dhamma, a distance of one yojana, or two per
days. The journey thus allowing the
the residents along the way to giving food
or listen to a sermon called aturita càrikà.
Three Buddhist Travel Distance
Tathagata usually traveled distances
varies. Namely (1) journey covering a very
broad-Maha Mandala, (2) trips covering a
not too large nor too small-Majjhima Mandala, (3)
trip that includes a small area-Anto Mandala.
Of the three types are (1) Maha Mandala covers a distance of 900
Yojana, (2) Majjhima Mandala covers a distance of 600 yojanas;
(3) Anto Mandala covers a distance of 300 yojanas. The explanation
are:
(1) Tathagata doing Pavàranà ceremony at the end of the vassa
at full moon night Thadingyut, Assayujo. Otherwise
there are special reasons for delay, such as, saving
beings who deserve freed from the cycle
of birth, he will make his way soon
the next day, a day after that full moon night,
accompanied by a large number of monks, by taking
travel as far as one or two yojana per day. He continues
wandered for nine months until the full moon day in
Waso month, âsàlhà the following year.
At every stop along their journey,
enthusiastic donors from all directions, in
region that includes one hundred yojana come in large
droves to pay homage and offerings. They
who came late, almost impossible chance
to invite the Tathagata to visit the place.
These two areas form the areas of departure and destination
of the Maha Mandala. Tathagata dwells for one
or two days in every village and town in the region
area of the Maha Mandala, to give a blessing to
the residents there with alms
and expound the Dhamma to be developed
their merits so as to free themselves
of the cycle of birth. So skip the Tathagata
nine months in the way before the end
His journey. The journey that takes over
nine months of this covers an area of three hundred yojana
from beginning to end, if the straight line is drawn. By region
three hundred yojana as its center, the people who
come from places that were located three hundred yojana
on the left and right side of the trip was also
the opportunity to come and do good with
offered food and listening to the Dhamma.
Thus the territories on the left and right
It is also considered to be included in the areas visited
by the Tathagata. Thus, the statement that the trip
Maha Mandala covers a distance of nine hundred yojana, the
overall.
(2) If the monks are still not yet reached maturity in
exercises concentration meditation and Clear view meditation that
they do, the Pavàranà ceremony performed by Samgha
which usually falls on full moon day of the month Thadingyut,
will be delayed until the full moon day of the month Tazaungmon,
kattika. Then, on the first day after the full moon in
Tazaungmon month, the Tathagata will begin his journey
accompanied by the bhikkhus. If for any reason, the Tathagata
want to travel Majjhima Mandala, he will
postpone the trip until the day of full moon Tazaungmon,
(Four full moons) on the vassa where he underwent, and
then make the trip. In this situation, the Tathagata
will spend eight months on the way
while respecting the audience crowded with His visit
and expound Dhamma. Trip for eight
months it covers an area of two hundred yojanas from the beginning
until the end, if the straight line is drawn. On either side of the road, left
and right, respectively to two hundred yojanas,
residents from both sides also had the opportunity to
do good deeds such as offering food
and listen to the Dhamma. Two regions are left and right
also considered to have been visited by the Tathagata. Thus the
statement saying that the trip Majjhima
Mandala covers an area of six hundred yojanas.
(3) Although the Tathagata has spent four months,
undergo vassa, somewhere, (up to full moon day
Tazaungmon months), but creatures who want to
saved still has not reached maturity, he will remain
lived in the same place during one of the following month;
and if necessary, the time will be extended, month after
months, even up to four months, until the full moon day of the month
Pyatho (Phusso), in this situation, the Tathagata will further
leave the place with a large number of monks, and
Anto Mandala journey.
As with previous events, the Tathagata spend time
for months, giving a blessing to many people
with the visit and his preaching. Travel time
be reduced from seven to four months, because
reasons mentioned earlier. Because of the shortness of time,
seven, or six, or five, or four-month trip only
go through one hundred yojana, if drawn straight line. As
described previously, each region one hundred
Yojana on the left and right of way was also considered
have been visited. Thus stated, "The journey of Anto
Mandala is a three hundred yojana as a whole. "
It must be remembered that, the Tathagata is not to travel
to collect the four requirements, namely, robes, food,
shelter, medicine, but as His compassionate
considerations and with the sole purpose of providing
opportunities for poor people, stupid people, old
people, who can not afford to pay tribute to him
on other occasions. Of these, some will feel
very happy just by looking at him, some people
want to offer flowers and incense, or a little food
that their hard-earned, and there may be
release the wrong views and embrace Right View
after the encounter with Him. Such meetings with
will bring peace, prosperity, and happiness
will last a long time for these people.
Sandalwood bowl of Rajagaha The Rich Man
Tathagata, after finishing sixth in the monastery of Mount vassa
Macula, left there and headed Rajagaha and
Veluvana dwelling at the monastery.
At that time, a rich man from Rajagaha, who wants to play
in the River Ganga, put a big net that surrounds
The fourth side of the place where he would jump, to protect
themselves from any danger that might arise from the upper and
Under the place and of the risk of losing her jewelry.
At that time, the red sandalwood tree, carried away from the upstream
of River Ganga. The flow of water makes it collapsed because of eroding
soil at the roots. The tree was already without form of the tree anymore
due to hit the rocks and cliffs as
washed away along the Ganga river water flow. That
tree broke into pieces, and finally leaving a piece of
core of red sandalwood, which eroded shaped piece of wood
with smooth surfaces. And while washed away by flow of water,
that wood was snared by a net of rich man surrounded by
leaves and plants. The waiter of rich man brought it
to their employers.
The rich people of Rajagaha is one who does not have
religious views and did not adhere to Right View, Samma
Ditthi or the wrong view, Micchà ditthi. He brings that wood
returned to his home and then peel the
skin using a small chisel. He found the wood core
red that exudes the fragrance of sandalwood. He thought,
"I have many kind of sandal wood in my house, what
I'll do with this one! "and finally he knows what
he would have done:
"Right now, many people, who claim to be Arahanta.
I do not know who the real Arahanta. I'd
make a bowl of wood; wood filings
This resulted from this bowl-making process will
whereas I used the bowl will kudanakan. I'd
keep it in a container and then hang
Continued on bamboo poles as high as sixty-arm, and
make an announcement "Who can prove that
he is Arahanta to fly into space through
jhana power and can take the bowl may have
the bowl. And Arahanta who came through the air and
take the bowl, I, along with the entire family, will
accept and adore him as our teacher. "
He then made a bowl from that sandal wood,
and hang it over a continued series of bamboo
connect as high as sixty-arm, and announced,
"True Arahanta should take this bowl by way of flying
into space. "
The Six Teachers Adherent of Wrong Views
At that time, there were six teachers who held wrong views
at Rajagaha who claimed to be Arahanta and glorify
their doctrine. They are:
(1) Purana Kassapa
His name is Purana, and was of the tribe Kassapa, so
known as the Purana Kassapa.
Here is a brief story of the teacher of this school: There is a rich
which has ninety-nine slaves, and Purana born
as a slave to one hundred, so he was given the name of Purana, or "slave
hundredth. "He is regarded as a lucky slave to
be the hundredth, and he was not censured or reprimanded for
wrongdoing or for failing in his duties.
Because of this, he went with pride, thinking, "Why I
must live in this house? "and then ran to
where a group of robbers who then stripped him naked.
He does not have a sense of polite enough to immediately
cover herself with grass or leaves. He
entered the village with the naked body. Village people
with one to believe and worship him "this is a recluse
a Arahanta; he was so full of self-control; not
one would like it. "They came to him and
provide hard and soft food offerings. He thought
"Nakedness is the reason I get giving
this. "Since then, he always bare body even when he
receive funds clothes. He became convinced that the bare
is an ascetic lifestyle. He had five hundred men
who became his students to emulate his lifestyle.
Thus he became the leader of a school, a teacher
famous, a god to his followers.
Note: If we examine the story of the leader of this flow with
carefully, we know that he escaped from his master and fled
at a group of robbers who then stripped him naked.
That's how he obtained such nakedness. But,
people who are not wise to think that nudity
consider it a sign of purity and Arahanta. Because
considered sacred, he began to behave should a
wise, a god, though he did not have any
which can be demonstrated in terms of development and training
spiritual. He along with five other leaders of the flow, lift
themselves as leaders, and make speculation
and statements of their own beliefs. Further explanation
can refer to the 2-Samanna Phala Sutta of Silakkhandha
Vagga, Digha Nikaya.
(2) Makkhali Gosala
His name is Makkhali; Gosala added to its name
because he was born in the village of Gosala (or because he was born in
cowshed where the cows lived during the rainy season).
The short history as follows:
He was a slave as Purana. One day he passed
muddy roads, oil with a jug on his shoulder,
employer warned him to be careful and do not
until the fall, "my slave, do not let slip; my slave, do not
to slip. "But he was so careless, so slipping and
dropped, and he fled in fear from her employer.
When his master caught him by gripping
her clothes, he take off his clothes and escape from
clutches of their employers. (The rest is similar to the story
Purana Kassapa).
(3) Ajita Kesa-Kambala
He is also a teacher of a school. His name was Ajita. He usually
kambalà wear, made of human hair
(Kesa), and then he became famous with the name Ajita Kesa-
Kambala.
(4) Pakudha Kaccàyana
He is also a teacher of a school. His name is Pakudha.
He was of the tribe Kaccàyana, so he was known by the name
Pakudha Kaccàyana. He avoids the cold water. He uses the
warm water or vinegar to clean himself after throwing
intent, or to rid himself of the dust and soil. He felt
has violated the rules of faith when he crossed the river.
Such violations must be redeemed by piling sand
in a small mound and took back the regulations
being violated before continuing his journey.
(5) Sanjaya Belatthaputta
He is also a teacher of a school. The Venerable Sariputta
and Moggallana live with him when they first start
life as a wandering ascetic. His name is Sanjaya.
He was the son of someone named Bellattha, and he was known
with the name of Sanjaya Bellatthaputta.
(6) Nigantha Nataputta
He is also a teacher of a school. He stated, "We do not
have impurities that bind us: we are free from dirt
mind. "So the meaning of the word 'Nigantha' (although they are very
far from being free from impurities). His father named Nata
and he was known as Nigantha Nataputta.
Sandalwood bowl hung on top of a pole that
made of bamboo sticks that connect together,
as high as sixty arm. A notice attached
reads "Anyone who has been an Arahanta may receive
This bowl by flying through the air with the force
Jhana owned. "Then, the teacher, Purana Kassapa came
and said, "The rich ... I am an Arahanta and
also has supernatural powers, therefore, give the bowl
to me. "he said emphatically with no rhythm. The rich
people cleverly replied, "Venerable ... I have given
this bowl to true Arahanta who has supernatural powers. If
you are a true Arahanta and has supernatural powers, lower
and bring that bowl with your supernatural power. "(Because of Purana
Kassapa was not an Arahanta and does not have supernatural powers
Jhana, he had lost hope of a broken home).
Other teachers also came and demanded the bowl after
Purana Kassapa; on the second day, came Makkhali Gosala;
on the third day, Ajita Kesa-Kambala; fourth day, Pakudha
Kaccàyana, the fifth day, Sanjaya Bellatthaputta; them all
suffered the same fate as the Purana Kassapa, because they
unable to meet the requirements set by the person
rich.
On the sixth day, the teacher-pupil Nigantha Nataputta call
his disciples and said, "Go to the rich man from Rajagaha
and say: 'The bowl is only appropriate for our teachers
wise: do not tell our teacher came through the sky
just to get a wooden bowl like that; please
Our teacher freed from the requirement that and give the bowl
him. "Then he sent his disciples into the house
the rich people of Rajagaha.
His students went to the wealthy in Rajagaha and
notify according to what is ordered by their teachers.
But the rich man replied firmly, "Only he who comes
through space are entitled to a bowl. "
Nigantha Nataputta want to come alone so he gave instructions
to his disciples:
"I'm going to pretend to fly, I'll lift one
feet and hands, as if I'm going streaking into the sky ...
and then you all come and say, 'O wise teacher ...
What are you doing? Please do not show
Arahatta-Phala glory just for the sake of a wooden bowl. '
Then push and knock me to the ground. "
So he told his plans.
After conspiring with his students, teacher Nataputta
came to rich man and said, "The rich man... This
bowl does not correspond with anyone, why do you want so
I flew into space for a wooden bowl that is not
valuable; give me." "Venerable ... fly to
space and take yourself, "replied the rich man.
Furthermore, Nataputta said, "Well, I would take off to
space "and facing his students and told them
to get away and then he raised his hands and feet.
Later, his disciples came to his master in haste and
said, "O Master ... what are you doing! It is not worth ...
Phala Arahatta-show glory for a wood
bowl that worthless! "Exactly as planned
previously, they pulled and pushed it fell to
above the ground. Nataputta, while still lying on the ground, said:
to the rich man, "O rich man ... you look, my
students would not let me fly into the sky. I hope
you give me the bowl. "But the rich man
was not moved, he calmly replied, "Take only
by way of flying into space. "
Thus the six teachers were doing six experiments in
six days in a row, but to no avail.
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