Jataka Vol. I: Book I.--Ekanipāta: No. 140. Kaka-Jātaka
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No. 140.
KAKA-JĀTAKA.
"In ceaseless dread."--This story was told by the Master while at Jetavana,
about a sagacious counsellor. The incidents will be related in the twelfth book
in connection with the Bhaddasāla-jātaka 1.
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Once on a time when Brahmadatta was reigning in Benares, the Bodhisatta was born
a crow. One day the King's chaplain went out from the city to the river, bathed
there, and having perfumed and garlanded himself, donned his bravest array and
came back to the city. On the archway of the city gate there sat two crows; and
one of them said to his mate, "I mean to foul this brahmin's head." "Oh, don't
do any such thing," said the other; "for this brahmin is a great man, and it is
an evil thing to incur the hatred of the great. If you anger him, he may destroy
the whole of our kind." "I really must," said the first. "Very well, you're sure
to be found out," said the other, and flew quickly away. Just when the brahmin
was under the battlements, down dropped the filth upon him as if the crow were
dropping a festoon. The enraged brahmin forthwith conceived hatred against all
crows.
Now at this time it chanced that a female slave in charge of a granary spread
the rice out in the sun at the granary door and was sitting there to watch it,
when she fell asleep. Just then up came a shaggy goat and fell to eating the
rice till the girl woke up and drove it away. Twice or three times the goat came
back, as soon as she fell asleep, and ate the rice. [485] So when she had driven
the creature away for the third time she bethought her that continued visits of
the goat would consume half her store of rice and that steps must be taken to
scare the animal away for good and so save her from so great a loss. So she took
a lighted torch, and, sitting down, pretended to fall asleep as usual. And when
the goat was eating, she suddenly sprang up and hit its shaggy back with her
torch. At once the goat's shaggy hide was all ablaze, and to ease its pain, it
dashed into a hay-shed near the elephant's stable and rolled in the hay. So the
shed caught fire and the flames spread to the stables. As these stables caught
fire, the elephants began to suffer, and many of them were badly burnt beyond
the skill of the elephant-doctors to cure. When this
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was reported to the King, he asked his chaplain whether he knew what would cure
the elephants. "Certainly I do, sire," said the chaplain, and being pressed to
explain, said his nostrum was crows' fat. Then the King ordered crows to be
killed and their fat taken. And forthwith there was a great slaughter of crows,
but never was any fat found on them, and so they went on killing till dead crows
lay in heaps everywhere. And a great fear was upon all crows.
Now in those days the Bodhisatta had his dwelling in a great cemetery, at the
head of eighty thousand crows. One of these brought tidings to him of the fear
that was upon the crows. And the Bodhisatta, feeling that there was none but him
who could essay the task, resolved to free his kinsfolk from their great dread.
Reviewing the Ten Perfections, and selecting therefrom Kindness as his guide, he
flew without stopping right up to the King's palace, and entering in at the open
window alighted underneath the King's throne. Straightway a servant tried to
catch the bird, but the King entering the chamber forbade him.
Recovering himself in a moment, the Great Being, remembering Kindness, came
forth from beneath the King's throne and spoke thus to the King;--"Sire, a king
should remember the maxim that kings should not walk according to lust and other
evil passions in ruling their kingdoms. Before taking action, it is meet first
to examine and know the whole matter, and then only to do that which being done
is salutary. If kings do that which being done is not salutary, they fill
thousands with a great fear, even the fear of death. [486] And in prescribing
crows' fat, your chaplain was prompted by revenge to lie; for crows have no
fat."
By these words the King's heart was won, and he bade the Bodhisatta be set on a
throne of gold and there anointed beneath the wings with the choicest oils and
served in vessels of gold with the King's own meats and drink. Then when the
Great Being was filled and at ease, the King said, "Sage, you say that crows
have no fat. How comes it that they have none?"
"In this wise," answered the Bodhisatta with a voice that filled the whole
palace, and he proclaimed the Truth in this stanza:--
In ceaseless dread, with all mankind for foes,
Their life is passed; and hence no fat have crows.
This explanation given, the Great Being taught the King, saying, "Sire, kings
should never act without examining and knowing the whole matter." Well pleased,
the King laid his kingdom at the Bodhisatta's feet, but the Bodhisatta restored
it to the King, whom he established in the Five Precepts, beseeching him to
shield all living creatures from harm. And the King was moved by these words to
grant immunity to all living
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creatures, and in particular he was unceasingly bountiful to crows. Every day he
had six bushels of rice cooked for them and delicately flavoured, and this was
given to the crows. But to the Great Being there was given food such as the Bing
alone ate.
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His lesson ended, the Master identified the Birth by saying, "Ānanda was King of
Benares in those days, and I myself the king of the crows.'
Footnotes
300:1 No. 465.
Next: No. 141. Godha-Jātaka
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