Jataka Vol. I: Contents
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CONTENTS.
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PREFACEvii
1.APAṆṆAKA-JĀTAKA1
(Two merchants travel with caravans across a desert. One, beguiled by
goblins, throws away his drinking-water in the desert and is devoured with
all his people and cattle; the other completes his journey safely.)
2.VAṆṆUPATHA-JĀTAKA9
(Travelling across a desert, a caravan through mistake throws away its
water, &c. In their despair the leader has a well dug, till far down water
is found, and perseverance saves the caravan from death.)
3.SERIVĀṆIJA-JĀTAKA12
(Two hawkers are successively offered by its unwitting owners a golden
bowl. The greedy hawker over-reaches himself, whilst the honest one is
richly rewarded.)
4.CULLAKA-SEṬṬHI-JĀTAKA14
(A young man picks up a dead mouse which he sells, and works up this
capital till he becomes rich.)
5.TAṆḌULANĀLI-JĀTAKA21
(An incompetent valuer declares 500 horses worth a measure of rice, which
measure. of rice in turn he is led to declare worth all Benares.)
6.DEVADHAMMA-JĀTAKA23
(Two princes going down to a haunted pool are seized by an ogre; the
third, by correctly defining 'godlike,' saves his brothers.)
7.KAṬṬHAHĀRI-JĀTAKA27
(A king refuses to recognize his son by a chance amour; the mother throws
the child into the air, praying that, if he be not the king's son, he may
be killed by his fall. The child rests in mid-air, and the king recognizes
him as his son.)
8.GĀMANI-JĀTAKA29
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9.MAKHĀDEVA-JĀTAKA30
(A king, finding a grey hair in his head, renounces his throne to prepare
as a hermit for death.)
10.SUKHAVIHĀRI-JĀTAKA32
(A king who becomes a Brother proclaims the happiness he has found.)
11.LAKKHAṆA-JĀTAKA34
(Two stags; one through stupidity loses all his following, whilst the
other brings his herd home in safety.)
12.NIGRODHAMIGA-JĀTAKA36
(Deer in a royal park, to avoid being hunted, decide that lots shall be
cast to select a daily victim. The lot having fallen on a doe big with
young, the king of the deer offers himself as a substitute at the block
and saves not only his own life but also the lives of all living
creatures.)
13.KAṆḌINA-JĀTAKA42
(A mountain-stag, enamoured of a doe, is by her allowed to fall prey to a
hunter; the doe escapes.)
14.VĀTAMIGA-JĀTAKA44
(By a bait of honeyed grass a wild antelope is lured by slow degrees into
a palace.)
15.KHARĀDIYA-JĀTAKA46
(A deer which would not come to be taught the ruses of deer, is caught in
a trap.)
16.TIPALLATTHAMIGA-JĀTAKA47
(A deer which had learnt the ruses of deer, being caught in a snare,
effects its escape.)
17.MĀLUTA-JĀTAKA50
(A tiger and a lion dispute whether it is the dark or the light half of
the month which is cold.)
18.MATAKABHATTA-JĀTAKA51
(A goat, which was to be sacrificed by a brahmin, shows signs of great
joy and of great sorrow. It explains the reason for each emotion.)
19.ĀYĀCITABHATTA-JĀTAKA53
(Offering sacrifice to get release from a vow, is not true 'Release.')
20.NAḶAPĀNA-JĀTAKA54
(Thirsty monkeys came to a pool haunted by an ogre. Their leader
miraculously blows the knots out of canes and with these the monkeys
safely slake their thirst.)
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21.KURUṄGA-JĀTAKA57
(A hunter up a tree throws down fruits to lure a deer within aim. The
deer detects the artifice and escapes.)
22.KUKKURA-JĀTAKA58
(Carriage-straps having been gnawed by palace dogs, a king orders all
other dogs to be killed. The leader of a pack of dogs reveals the truth by
causing an emetic to be applied to the royal dogs of the palace.)
23.BHOJĀJĀNĪYA-JĀTAKA61
(A charger falls wounded when his rider has captured six out of seven
kings. Seeing that a hack is being saddled in his place, the charger asks
to be saddled again, makes a last effort and dies in the hour of victory.)
24.ĀJAÑÑA-JĀTAKA63
(A story similar to the above about two chariot horses, one of whom is
wounded and is about to be replaced by a sorry beast.)
25.TITTHA-JĀTAKA64
(A royal charger refuses to take his bath because a hack had bathed at
the spot.)
26.MAHILĀMUKHA-JĀTAKA67
(An elephant listening to robbers' talk, kills his mahout; by listening
to virtuous converse he becomes good again.)
27.ABHIṆHA-JĀTAKA69
(An elephant, missing his playmate, the dog, refuses to eat until the dog
is restored to him.)
28.NANDIVISĀLA-JĀTAKA71
(How by incivil words to his bull a brahmin lost a bet, which by civility
to the animal he afterwards won.)
29.KAṆHA-JĀTAKA73
(How a bull drew 500 carts in order to earn money for his poor mistress.)
30.MUṆIKA-JĀTAKA75
(A hard-worked ox is discontented with his own hard fare, when he sees a
lazy pig being fattened up. Another ox explains that the pig is being
fattened to be eaten; and the discontented ox accepts his position.)
31.KULĀVAKA-JĀTAKA76
(Through the practice of goodness tending to the diminution of crime in
his village, a man is falsely accused by the headman and sentenced to be
trampled to death by elephants. The elephants
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refuse to harm him. Being released, he builds a caravansery, in which
good work (against his wish) three out of four of his wives take part: At
death he is reborn as Sakka. His three good wives are reborn in heaven. He
seeks out the fourth and exhorts her to goodness. As a crane she refuses
to eat a fish which shewed signs of life; reborn a woman, she is
eventually born a Titan and espoused by Sakka.)
32.NACCA-JĀTAKA83
(The animals choose kings. The daughter of the king of the birds (the
Golden Mallard) chooses the peacock for her husband. In dancing for joy
the peacock exposes himself and is rejected.)
33.SAMMODAMĀNA-JĀTAKA85
(Quails caught in a net, rise up in a body with the net and escape
several times. After a time they quarrel and are caught.)
34.MACCHA-JĀTAKA87
(An uxorious fish being caught, fears his wife may misconstrue his
absence. A brahmin sets him free.)
35.VAṬṬAKA-JĀTAKA88
(A baby-quail is about to be engulfed in a jungle-fire, when by an 'Act
of Truth' he quenches the flames round him.)
36.SAKUṆA-JĀTAKA91
(A tree in which birds dwell is grinding its boughs together and
beginning to smoke. The wise birds fly away; the foolish ones are burnt.)
37.TITTIRA-JĀTAKA92
(A partridge, a monkey and an elephant living together, decide to obey
the senior. To prove seniority each gives his earliest recollection.)
38.BAKA-JĀTAKA95
(A crane by pretending that he was taking them to a big lake, devours all
the fish of a pond. A wise crab nips the bird's head off.)
39.NANDA-JĀTAKA98
(How a slave was made to tell where his master's father had buried his
hoard.)
40.KHADIRAṄGĀRA-JĀTAKA100
(In order to stop a Treasurer from giving alms to a Pacceka Buddha, Māra
interposes a yawning gulf of fire. Undaunted, the Treasurer steps forward,
to be borne up by a lotus from which he tenders his alms to Māra's
discomfiture.)
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41.LOSAKA-JĀTAKA105
(How a Brother through jealous greed was condemned to rebirths entailing
misery and hunger. Finally, when reborn a man, he is deserted by his
parents and brings suffering on those around him. On board ship, he has to
be cast overboard; on a raft he comes to successive island palaces of
goddesses, and eventually to an ogre-island where he seizes the leg of an
ogress in form of a goat. She kicks him over the sea to Benares, and he
falls among the king's goats. Hoping to get back to the goddesses, he
seizes a goat by the leg, only to be seized as a thief and to be condemned
to death.)
42.KAPOTA-JĀTAKA112
(A pigeon lives in a kitchen. A greedy crow makes friends with him, and,
being also housed in the kitchen, plans an attack on the victuals. The
crow is tortured to death, and the pigeon flies away.)
43.VEḶUKA-JĀTAKA114
(A man rears a viper, which in the end kills its benefactor.)
44.MAKASA-JĀTAKA116
(A mosquito settles on a man's head. To kill it, his foolish son strikes
the man's head with an axe with fatal effect.)
45.ROHIṆĪ-JĀTAKA117
(Like the last; a pestle takes the place of the axe.)
46.ĀRĀMADŪSAKA-JĀTAKA118
(Monkeys employed to water a pleasaunce pull up the trees in order to
judge by the size of the roots how much water to give. The trees die.)
47.VĀRUṆI-JĀTAKA120
(Seeing customers whet their thirst with salt, a young potman mixes salt
in the spirits for sale.)
48.VEDABBHA-JĀTAKA121
(Captured by robbers, a brahmin makes treasure rain from the sky; a
second band kills him because he cannot repeat the miracle. Mutual
slaughter leaves only two robbers with the treasure. One poisons the
other's food and is himself slain by his fellow.)
49.NAKKHATTA-JĀTAKA124
(A chaplain thwarts a marriage on the ground that the day fixed is
unlucky. The bride is given to another.)
50.DUMMEDHA-JĀTAKA126
(To put a stop to sacrifices of living creatures, a king vows to offer a
holocaust of such as take life, &c. Sacrifices cease.)
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51.MAHĀSĪLAVA-JĀTAKA128
(A good king meets evil with good. Refusing to sanction war, he is
captured and buried alive in a charnel-grove. How he escapes the jackals,
acts as umpire for ogres, and regains his sovereignty.)
52.CŪḶAJANAKA-JĀTAKA133
53.PUṆṆAPĀTI-JĀTAKA134
(Rascals drug spirits for purposes of robbery. Their intended victim
discovers the plot because they do not drink the liquor themselves.)
54.PHALA-JĀTAKA135
(How in defiance of warnings greedy fellows ate a poisonous fruit. How
their leader knew it must be poisonous though it looked exactly like a
mango.)
55.PAÑCĀVUDHA-JĀTAKA137
(How Prince Five-weapons fought the ogre Hairy-grip, and, though
defeated, subdued the ogre by fearlessness.)
56.KAÑCANAKKHANDHA-JĀTAKA140
(A farmer finds a heavy nugget of gold. By cutting it up into four
pieces, he is able to carry it away.)
57.VĀNARINDA-JĀTAKA142
(How the crocodile lay on a rock to catch the monkey, and how the latter
outwitted the crocodile.)
58.TAYODHAMMA-JĀTAKA144
(A monkey gelds all his male offspring. One escapes; the father, seeking
to kill him, sends his son to an ogre-haunted pool. By cleverness the son
escapes death.)
59.BHERIVĀDA-JĀTAKA146
(A drummer by too much drumming is plundered by robbers in a forest.)
60.SAṀKHADHAMANA-JĀTAKA147
(A similar story about a conch blower.)
61.ASĀTAMANTA-JĀTAKA147
(The wickedness of women shewn by the endeavour of a hag to kill her good
son in order to facilitate an intrigue with a youth.)
62.AṆḌABHŪTA-JĀTAKA151
(Another story of the innate wickedness of women. A girl is bred up from
infancy among women only, without ever seeing any man but her husband. The
story of her intrigue with a lover and of her deceits toward her husband.)
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63.TAKKA-JĀTAKA155
(A wicked princess seduces a hermit who devotes himself to her. Being
carried off by a robber chief, she lures the hermit to her new home in
order that he may be killed. His goodness saves him and her ingratitude
destroys her.)
64.DURĀJĀNA-JĀTAKA158
(Wives a bar to the higher life.)
65.ANABHIRATI-JĀTAKA160
(Women common to all.)
66.MUDULAKKHAṆA-JĀTAKA161
(How a hermit fell in love and was cured.)
67.UCCHAṄGA-JĀTAKA164
(A woman's husband, son and brother are condemned to death. Being offered
a choice which she will save, she chooses her brother and gives the
reason.)
68.SĀKETA-JĀTAKA166
(Why a Brahmin and his wife claimed the Buddha as their son.)
69.VISAVANTA-JĀTAKA167
(A viper bites a man and refuses under threat of death to suck out the
poison.)
70.KUDDĀLA-JĀTAKA168
(Private property a bar to the higher life. Conquest over self the
highest conquest. Sakka builds a monastery for a sage and a converted
people.)
71.VARAṆA-JĀTAKA172
(How a lazy fellow, who picked green boughs for firewood, hurt himself
and inconvenienced others.)
72.SĪLAVANĀGA-JĀTAKA174
(The story of the good elephant and the ungrateful man.)
73.SACCAṀKIRA-JĀTAKA177
(The ingratitude of a prince, and the gratitude of. a snake, a rat and a
parrot.)
74.RUKKHADHAMMA-JĀTAKA181
(Union is strength, among trees as among men.)
75.MACCHA-JĀTAKA183
(How the good fish ended a drought And saved his kinsfolk.)
76.ASAṀKIYA-JĀTAKA185
(A caravan is saved by a wakeful hermit from being looted.)
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77.MAHĀSUPINA-JĀTAKA187
(Sixteen wonderful dreams and their interpretation.)
78.ILLĪSA-JĀTAKA195
(How a miser was cured by his father reappearing on earth and
distributing the son's wealth in the exact semblance of the son.)
79.KHARASSARA-JĀTAKA202
(A village headman privily incites robbers to carry off the taxes
collected for the king.)
80.BHĪMASENA-JĀTAKA203
(A valiant dwarf and a cowardly giant. The dwarf does the work, and the
giant gets the credit. The giant's growing pride is brought low in the
face of danger; the dwarf is honoured.)
81.SURĀPĀNA-JĀTAKA206
(The effects of strong drink on hermits.)
82.MITTAVINDA-JĀTAKA209
(See No. 41.)
83.KĀLAKAṆṆI-JĀTAKA209
(Not the name but the heart within makes the man.)
84.ATTHASSADVĀRA-JĀTAKA211
(The paths to spiritual welfare.)
85.KIMPAKKA-JĀTAKA212
(Like No. 54.)
86.SĪLAVĪMAṀSANA-JĀTAKA213
(The brahmin who stole in order to see whether he was esteemed for
goodness or otherwise. The good cobra.)
87.MAṀGALA-JĀTAKA215
(The folly of superstitious belief in omens and the like.)
88.SĀRAMBHA-JĀTAKA217
(Like No. 28.)
89.KUHAKA-JĀTAKA218
(The hypocritical hermit who stole the gold, but punctiliously returned a
straw which was not his.)
90.AKATAÑÑU-JĀTAKA220
(A merchant is befriended by a merchant in another country, but refuses
to return the service. The revenge taken by the good merchant's servants.)
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91.LITTA-JĀTAKA221
(A sharper swallows dice which had been poisoned in order to teach him a
lesson.)
92.MAHĀSĀRA-JĀTAKA222
(A queen's jewels are stolen by monkeys. Certain innocent persons confess
to the theft. How the monkeys are proved to be the real culprits, and how
the jewels are recovered.)
93.VISSĀSABHOJANA-JĀTAKA227
(A lion's fatal passion for a doe.)
94.LOMAHAṀSA-JĀTAKA229
(The futility of ascetic self-mortification.)
95.MAHĀSUDASSANA-JĀTAKA230
(How King Sudassana died.)
96.TELAPATTA-JĀTAKA232
(A prince wins a kingdom by resisting the fascinations of lovely
ogresses. A king who yields, is eaten, with all his household.)
97.NĀMASIDDHI-JĀTAKA237
(Discontented with his name, a youth travels till he learns that the name
does not make the man.)
98.KŪṬAVĀṆIJA-JĀTAKA239
(A rogue is hidden in a hollow tree, to feign to be the Tree-sprite who
is to act as umpire in a dispute. A fire lighted at the bottom of the tree
exposes the cheat.)
99.PAROSAHASSA-JĀTAKA240
(A brahmin dies and states his spiritual attainments in a formula which
only one of his pupils understands.)
100.ASĀTARŪPA-JĀTAKA242
(A beleaguered city is captured by cutting off supplies of water and
firewood.)
101.PAROSATA-JĀTAKA243
(= No. 99.)
102.PAṆṆIKA-JĀTAKA244
(To test his daughter's virtue, a man makes love to her.)
103.VERI-JĀTAKA245
(A merchant rejoices that he has outstripped robbers and reached his home
in safety.)
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104.MITTAVINDA-JĀTAKA246
(An additional fragment of No. 41.)
105.DUBBALAKAṬṬHA-JĀTAKA246
(An elephant, having escaped from the trainer's goad, lives in constant
dread.)
106.UDAÑCANI-JĀTAKA248
(A young hermit, seduced by a girl, is disenchanted by the number of
errands she makes him run.)
107.SĀLITTAKA-JĀTAKA249
(A skilful marksman reduces a talkative brahmin to silence by flicking
pellets of goat's dung down the latter's throat.)
108.BĀHIYA-JĀTAKA251
(Occasional decency a passport to greatness.)
19.KUṆḌAKAPŪVA-JĀTAKA252
(A Tree-sprite, whose worshipper feared his gift was too mean, asks for
the gift and rewards the poor man by revealing the site of a buried hoard
of money.)
110.SABBASAṀHĀRAKA-PAÑHA254
111.GADRABHA-PAÑHA254
112.AMARĀDEVĪ-PAÑHA254
113.SIGĀLA-JĀTAKA255
(Being belated in a city, a jackal, by a lying promise to reveal buried
treasure, induces a brahmin to carry him safely out of the city. The
greedy brahmin reaps only indignities from the ungrateful beast.)
114.MITACINTI-JĀTAKA256
(Of three fishes, two through folly are caught in a net; the third and
wiser fish rescues them.)
115.ANUSĀSIKA-JĀTAKA257
(A greedy bird, after cunningly warning other birds against the dangers
of the high road on which she found food, is herself crushed to death by a
carriage on that road.)
116.DUBBACA-JĀTAKA259
(Being in liquor, an acrobat undertakes to jump more javelins than he can
manage, and is killed.)
117.TITTIRA-JĀTAKA260
(A busybody is killed for his chatter by a jaundiced man; and the piping
of a partridge attracts the hunter who kills it.)
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118.VAṬṬAKA-JĀTAKA261
(A quail, being caught by a fowler, starves itself till no one will buy
it, and in the end escapes.)
119.AKĀLARĀVI-JĀTAKA263
(A cock which crowed in and out of season has its neck wrung.)
120.BANDHANAMOKKHA-JĀTAKA264
(A queen, who had committed adultery with sixty-four footmen and failed
in her overtures to the chaplain, accuses the latter of rape. He reveals
her guilt and his own innocence.)
121.KUSANĀḶI-JĀTAKA267
(A grass-sprite and a tree-sprite are friends. The former saves the
latter's tree from the axe by assuming the shape of a chameleon and making
the tree look full of holes.)
122.DUMMEDHA-JĀTAKA269
(Being jealous of his elephant, a king seeks to make it fall over a
precipice. The elephant flies through the air with its mahout to another
and more appreciative master.)
123.NAṄGALĪSA-JĀTAKA271
(A stupid youth, being devoted to his teacher, props up the latter's bed
with his own leg all night long. The grateful teacher yearns to instruct
the dullard and tries to make him compare things together. The youth sees
a likeness to the shaft of a plough in a snake, an elephant, sugar-cane
and curds. The teacher abandons all hope.)
124.AMBA-JĀTAKA273
(In time of drought, a hermit provides water for the animals, who in
gratitude bring him fruit enough for himself and 500 others.)
125.KAṬĀHAKA-JĀTAKA275
(A slave, educated beyond his station, manages by forging his master's
name to marry a rich wife in another city. He gives himself airs till his
old master comes, who, while not betraying the slave, teaches the wife
verses whereby to restrain her husband's arrogance.)
126.ASILAKKHAṆA-JĀTAKA277
(Effects of two sneezes. One lost a sword-tester his nose, whilst the
other won a princess for her lover.)
127.KALAṆḌUKA-JĀTAKA280
(A slave like the one in No. 125 is rebuked for arrogance to his wife by
a parrot who knew him at home, The slave is recaptured.)
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128.BIḶĀRA-JĀTAKA281
(A jackal, under guise of saintliness, eats rats belonging to a troop
with which he consorts. His treachery is discovered and avenged.)
129.AGGIKA-JĀTAKA283
(A similar story about rats and a jackal whose hair had all been burnt
off except a top-knot which suggested holiness.)
130.KOSIYA-JĀTAKA284
(The alternative of the stick or a draught of nauseous filth cures a wife
of feigned illness.)
131.ASAMPADĀNA-JĀTAKA286
(A benefactor is repulsed by the man he had befriended. Hearing of this
ingratitude, the king gives all the ingrate's wealth to the benefactor,
who refuses to take back more than his own.)
132.PAÑCAGARU-JĀTAKA288
(Like No. 96. The king is thankful to have passed through great perils to
great dominion.)
133.GHATĀSANA-JĀTAKA290
(Because the waters of his lake were befouled by birds roosting in an
overhanging tree, a Naga darts flames among the boughs. The wise birds fly
away; the foolish stay and are killed.)
134.JHĀNASODHANA-JĀTAKA291
(Like No. 99.)
135.CANDĀBHA-JĀTAKA292
(Like No. 99.)
136.SUVAṆṆAHAṀSA-JĀTAKA292
(The father of a family dies, leaving his family destitute. Being reborn
a bird with golden plumage, and discovering the condition of his family,
the father gives them a feather at a time to sell. The widow in her greed
plucks all his feathers out, only to find that they are gold no more.)
137.BABBU-JĀTAKA294
(A mouse caught by successive cats buys them off by daily rations of
meat. In the end, the mouse, ensconced in crystal, defies the cats, who
dash themselves to pieces against the unseen crystal.)
138.GODHA-JĀTAKA297
(A hermit tries in vain to catch a lizard to eat.)
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139.UBHATOBHAṬṬHA-JĀTAKA298
(A fisherman, having hooked a snag, and thinking it a monster fish,
wishes to keep it all to himself. How he lost his clothes and his eyes,
and how his wife was beaten and fined.)
140.KĀKA-JĀTAKA300
(A wanton crow having befouled the king's chaplain, the latter prescribes
crows' fat for the burns of the king's elephants. The leader of the crows
explains to the king that crows have no fat and that revenge alone
prompted the chaplain's prescription.)
141.GODHA-JĀTAKA302
(A chameleon betrays a tribe of iguanas to a hunter.)
142.SIGĀLA-JĀTAKA304
(In order to catch a jackal, a man pretends to be dead. To try him, the
jackal tugs at the man's stick and finds his grip tighten.)
143.VIROCANA-JĀTAKA305
(A jackal, after attending a lion in the chase, imagines he can kill a
quarry as well as the lion. In essaying to kill an elephant, the jackal is
killed.)
144.NAṄGUṬṬHA-JĀTAKA307
(A votary of the God of Fire, having a cow to sacrifice to his deity,
finds that robbers have driven it off. If the god, he reflects, cannot
look after his own sacrifice, how shall he protect his votary?)
145.RĀDHA-JĀTAKA309
(A brahmin asks two parrots to keep an eye on his wife during his
absence. They observe her misconduct and report it to the brahmin, without
essaying the hopeless task of restraining her.)
146.KĀKA-JĀTAKA310
(A hen crow having been drowned in the sea, other crows try to bale the
sea out with their beaks.)
147.PUPPHARATTA-JĀTAKA312
(In order to have smart holiday attire, a wife makes her husband break
into the royal conservatories. Being caught and impaled, he has only the
one grief that his wife will not have her flowers to wear.)
148.SIGĀLA-JĀTAKA314
(A jackal eats his way into a dead elephant's carcass and cannot get
out.)
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149.EKAPAṆṆA-JĀTAKA316
(By the analogy of a poisonous seedling, a wicked prince is reformed.)
150.SAÑJĪVA-JĀTAKA319
(A youth, who has learnt the charm for restoring the dead to life, tries
it on a tiger, with fatal effects to himself.)
INDEX OF PROPER NAMES323
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