Psalms of the Sisters
CONTENTS
(In the Pali names pronounce the vowels as in Italian, but the unaccented a
like u in nut. Pronounce consonants as in English, except c, which always = ch
in church. In dotted consonants let the tongue strike the palate, not the
teeth. Pronounce ŋ as ng. In a doubled consonant detach the two as in the
Italian gat'-to, don'na. In aspirated consonants–kh, etc.–let the aspirate be
heard.)
INTRODUCTION PAGE
I. The canonical tradition about the Psalms, and its historical
significance, p. xiii. Reason for the prior appearance of the Sisters'
Psalms, p. xiv. The Commentary and its functions, p. xv. The authorship of
the Psalms, p. xvii. The legends of the Commentarial Chronicle, p. xviii.
The Sisters in tradition's perspective, p. xviii. The Psalms as compiled
aggregates of metrical memoirs, p. xix. The refrains, p. xx. The longer
ballad or epic Psalms, p. xxi. II. The Psalms as expressions of the
religious mind, p. xxiii.; and of its motives for leaving the world, p.
xxiv; and of how the Quest, when found, was envisaged, p. xxv. Freedom, p.
xxv. Mental development, p. xxvi. Consolation, p. xxvii. Arrest of the
eternal round, p. xxix. Relation between teacher and disciple, p. xxxii.
The new life, p. xxxiii. Analysis of the Goal, p. xxxvii. Inquiry into
matriarchal survivals, p. xxxviii. III. Method pursued in translation and
the metres, p. xxxix. Indebtedness acknowledged, p. xli.
THE COMMENTATOR'S INTRODUCTION 3
CANTO I. SINGLE VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
I. A certain Sister of a noble family of Vesālī, known as 'Therīkā.' 9
II. Muttā, daughter of a brahmin of Sāvatthī 10
III. Puṇṇā, daughter of a seṭṭhi of Sāvatthī 11
IV. Tissā, daughter of the Sākiyas, Kapilavatthu 12
V-X. Another Tissā, Dhīrā, another Dhīrā, Mittā, Bhadrā, Upasamā 13
XI. Muttā, daughter and wife of Kosalan brahmins 15
XII. DHAMMADINNĀ, daughter of a clansman (kulagehe), wife of a seṭṭhī
(Visākha), both of Rājagaha, foremost of the Sisters who were preachers
(Ang. Nik. i. 25) 16
XIII. Visākhā 18
XIV. Sumanā 18
XV. Uttarā (1) 19
XVI. Sumanā vuḍḍhapabbajitā, sister of Pasenadi, King of Kosala 19
XVII. Dhammā, daughter of a clansman of Sāvatthī 20
XVIII. Sanghā 21
CANTO II. PSALMS OF TWO VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
XIX. Abhirūpa-Nandā, daughter of the Sākiyas, Kapilavatthu 22
XX. Jentī or Jentā, daughter of the Licchavis, Vesālī 23
XXI. Sumangala's mother, daughter of poor people, wife of a rush-plaiter,
Sāvatthī 24
XXII. Aḍḍhakāsī, daughter of a seṭṭhi of Kāsī, ex-courtezan 25
XXIII. Cittā, daughter of great burgess of Rājagaha 27
XXIV. Mettikā, daughter of a brahmin of Rājagaha 28
XXV. Mittā (2), daughter of the Sākiyas, Kapilavatthu 29
XXVI. Abhayā's mother, Padumavatī, ex-courtesan of Ujjenī 30
XXVII. Abhayā, daughter of a clansman of Ujjenī, friend of the foregoing
31
XXVIII. Sāmā, daughter of a great burgess of Kosambī 32
CANTO III. PSALMS OF THREE VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
XXIX. Another Sāmā, daughter of a clansman of Kosambī 34
XXX. Uttamā, daughter of a seṭṭhi of Sāvatthī, disciple of Paṭācārā 35
XXXI. Another Uttamā, daughter of a Kosalan brahmin 36
XXXII. Dantikā, daughter of a brahmin chaplain to the King of Kosala,
Sāvatthī 37
XXXIII. Ubbirī, daughter of a great burgess of Sāvatthī, consort of the
King 38
XXXIV. Sukkā, daughter of a great burgess of Rājagaha, pupil of
Dhammadinnā, distinguished as preacher 40
XXXV. Selā, 'the Āḷavikan,' daughter of the King of Āḷavī 42
XXXVI. Somā, daughter of a brahmin, chaplain to the King of Magadha
(Bimbisāra) 44
CANTO IV. PSALM OF FOUR VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
XXXVII. BHADDĀ KĀPILĀNĪ, daughter of a brahmin of the Kosiyas, at Sāgala,
wife of Pippali Kassapa (Mahā-Kassapa) of Mahātittha, foremost of those
Sisters who could remember past lives (cf. Ang. Nik., i, 25), a
distinguished preacher (Vin., iv. 290, 292.) 47
CANTO V. PSALMS OF FIVE VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
XXXVIII. Vaḍḍhesī, of family unknown, nurse to Great Pajāpatī, founder of
the Sisters' Order, of Devadaha, pupil of Dhammadinnā 50
XXXIX. Vimalā, daughter of a courtezan of Vesālī, ex-courtezan 52
XL. Sīhā, niece of General Sīha, of Vesālī 53
XLI. Sundarī-Nandā, daughter of Great Pajāpatī of the Sākiyan Gotamas,
half-sister to the Buddha, of Kapilavatthu 55
XLII. Nanduttarā, daughter of a brahmin of Kammāssadamma, ex-Jain, pupil
of the Great Moggallāna 57
XLIII. Mittakālī, daughter of a brahmin of Kammāssadamma 58
XLIV. SAKULĀ, or PAKULĀ, a brahmin matron of Sāvatthī, foremost of the
Sisters who had the faculty of the 'Eye Celestial' (Ang. Nik, i. 25) 60
XLV. SOṆĀ, 'Bahuputtikā,' daughter of a clansman of Sāvatthī, foremost of
the Sisters who were eminent in strenuous will 61
XLVI. BHADDĀ 'KUṆḌALAKESĀ,' ex-Jain, daughter of a seṭṭhi of Rājagaha,
wife of a brahmin thief, foremost of the Sisters who had swift intuition
(Ang. Nik., i. 25) 63
XLVII. PAṬĀCĀRĀ, daughter of a seṭṭhī of Sāvatthī, wife of her father's
servant, foremost of the Sisters who were proficient in the Vinaya (Ang.
Nik., i. 25), an eminent teacher and leader 68
XLVIII. Thirty Sisters, disciples of Paṭācārā 73
XLIX. Candā, daughter of a poor brahmin 75
CANTO VI. PSALMS OF SIX VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
L. Paṭācārā's 'Five Hundred' bereaved mothers whom she comforted and
ordained 77
LI. Vāsitthī, or Vāsetthī, daughter of a clansman of Vesālī, wife of a (?)
brahmin, a teacher 79
LII. KHEMĀ, daughter of the King's family at Sāgala in Magadha, wife of
King Bimbisāra, Rājagaha, foremost of the Sisters who were distinguished
for insight (Ang. Nik., i. 25), ranked by the Buddha as a model Sister
(Sany. Nik., ii. 236) 81
LIII. Sujātā, daughter of a seṭṭhi of Sāketa, wife of a seṭṭhi 84
LIV. Anopamā, daughter of the seṭṭhi Majjha of Sāketa 86
LV. GREAT PAJĀPATĪ, THE GOTAMID, Foundress of the Order of Bhikkunīs,
daughter of the Sakiyan Añjana (or Mahā-Suppabuddha) of Devadaha, sister
to Great Māyā, mother of the Buddha, and co-wife of Suddhohana of
Kapilavatthu, foremost of the Sisters who were of long standing and
experience 87
LVI. Guttā, daughter of a brahmin of Sāvatthī 90
LVII. Vijayā, daughter of a clansman of Rājagaha 91
CANTO VII. PSALMS OF SEVEN VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LVIII. Uttarā (2), daughter of a clansman of Sāvatthī, disciple of
Paṭācārā 94
LIX. Cālā, daughter of the brahminee Surūpasārī, of Nālaka, Magadha,
sister of Sāriputta, chief of the Bhikkhus 96
LX. Upacālā, sister to Cālā 98
CANTO VIII. PSALM OF EIGHT VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LXI. Sīsupacālā, sister to Upacālā 100
CANTO IX. PSALM OF NINE VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LXII. Vaḍḍha's mother, daughter of a clansman of Bhārukaccha 103
CANTO X. PSALM OF ELEVEN VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LXIII. 'KISĀ'-GOTAMĪ, daughter of poor people of Sāvatthī, foremost of the
Sisters who wore rough clothing 106
CANTO XI. PSALM OF TWELVE VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LXIV. UPPALAVAṆṆĀ, daughter of a seṭṭhi of Sāvatthī, foremost of the
Sisters who had iddhi (Ang. Nik., i. 25), ranked with Khemā by the Buddha
as pre-eminent in the Sisterhood (Saŋy. Nik., ii. 236) 111
CANTO XII. PSALM OF SIXTEEN VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LXV. Puṇṇikā, or Puṇṇā, daughter of a slave in the household of
Anāthapiṇḍika, seṭṭhi of Sāvatthī, and freed by him 116
CANTO XIII. PSALMS OF ABOUT TWENTY VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LXVI. Ambapālī, a foundling, ex-courtezan of Vesālī 120
LXVII. Rohiṇī, daughter of a brahmin of Vesālī 125
LXVIII. Cāpā, daughter of a head-trapper (jeṭṭhakamigaluddaka) of
Vankahāra, wife of Upaka, ex-Ājīvaka (ascetic) 129
LXIX. Sundarī, daughter of a brahmin, Sujāta, of Sāvatthī 134
LXX. Subhā, 'the goldsmith's daughter,' of Rājagaha 142
CANTO XIV. PSALM OF THIRTY-FOUR VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LXXI. Subhā, 'of Jīvaka's Mango-grove,' daughter of a brahmin of Rājagaha
148
CANTO XV. PSALM OF OVER FORTY VERSES
ASCRIBED TO–
LXXII. Isidāsī, daughter of a seṭṭhi of Ujjenī, ex-wife of a seṭṭhi of
Sāketa (Patna) 156
CANTO XVI. THE GREAT CANTO,
ASCRIBED TO–
LXXIII. Sumedhā, daughter of Koñca, King of Vāraṇavatī 164
APPENDIX
VERSES ATTRIBUTED TO SISTERS IN THE BHIKKUNĪ-SAŊYUTTA OF THE
SAŊYUTTA-NIKĀYA:
1. Āḷavikā (in Ps. xxxv. Selā, Princess of Āḷavī) 180
2. Somā (see Ps. xxxv.) 181
3. Gotamī (= Kisā-Gotamī, Ps. lxiii.) 182
4. Vijayā (a different Psalm from Vijayā's Ps. lvii. Cf. Khemā's opening
lines, Ps. lii.) 183
5. Uppalavaṇṇā (cf. fourth episode, Ps. lxiv.) 184
6. Cālā (cf. Upacālā's Psalm, lx.) 186
7. Upacālā (cf. Sīsupacālā's Psalm, lxi.) 187
8. Sīsupacālā (cf. Cālā's Psalm, lix.) 188
9. Selā 189
10. Vajirā 190
VERSES CONCERNING SUKKĀ IN THE YAKKHA-SAŊYUTTA OF THE SAŊYUTTA-NIKĀYA
191
NOTES 192
INDEX 193
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