Majjhima Nikaya - Maha-vacchagotta Sutta

73. Maha-vacchagotta Sutta - English MAJJHIMA NIKAYA II
II. 3. 3. Mahà-vacchagottasuttaü
(73)The Major Discourse to Vacchagotta

I heard thus. At one time the Blessed One was living in the squirrels' sanctuary
in the bamboo grove in Rajagaha. Then the wandering ascetic Vacchagotta
approached the Blessed One, exchanged friendly greetings and sat on a side and
said, to the Blessed One. `It's a long time since, we could have a conversation
with good Gotama. We like to know merit and demerit in short,' `Vaccha, I will
tell you merit and demerit in short and in detail as well. Now listen to it in
short, I will tell you'. The wandering ascetic Vacchagotta agreed and the
Blessed One said thus:
ßVaccha, greed is demerit, non-greed is merit. Anger is demerit and non-anger is
merit. Delusion is demerit and non-delusion is merit. Vaccha these three are
demerit, and the other three are merit. Vaccha, destroying life is demerit,
abstaining from destroying life is merit. Taking what is not given is demerit,
abstaining from taking what is not given is merit. Misbehaviour in sexuality is
demerit, abstaining from misbehaviour in sexuality is merit. Telling lies is
demerit, abstaining from telling lies is merit. Slandering is demerit,
abstaining from slandering is merit. Rough talk is demerit, abstaining from
rough talk is merit. Frivolous talk is demerit and abstaining from frivolous
talk is merit. Coveting is demerit, abstaining from coveting is merit. Bearing
an angry mind is demerit and a not angry mind is merit. Wrong view is demerit
and right view is merit. Vaccha, these ten are demerit and the other ten are
merit. Vaccha, when the bhikkhu, dispels craving pulls it out with the roots,
makes it a palm stump, and makes it a thing that does not grow again, that
bhikkhu is perfect. He is with desires destroyed, the holy life lived, done what
should be done, the weight put down He has come to the highest good, with the
bond `to be' destroyed He rightfully knowing, is released. `.
ßGood, Gotama, wait! Is there a single bhikkhu a disciple of Gotama, who has
destroyed desires, has released the mind from desires and released through
wisdom, abiding, here and now?' `Vaccha, not one, not one hundred, not two
hundred, not three hundred, not four hundred, not five hundred. There are many
more bhikkhus, disciples of mine, who have destroyed desires, the mind released
from desires and released through wisdom, here and now abiding,' `Good, Gotama,
wait! Let alone bhikkhus. Is there a single bhikkhuni a disciple of Gotama, who
has destroyed desires has released the mind from desires and released through
wisdom, here and now, have realised?' `Vaccha, not one, not one hundred, not two
hundred, not three hundred, not four hundred, not five hundred. There are many,
more bhikkhunis, disciples of mine, who have destroyed desires, the mind
released from desires and released through wisdom, here and now realising
abide'. `Good, Gotama, wait! Other than bhikkhus, and bhikkhunis. Is there a
single lay disciple of Gotama, who wearing white clothes had led the holy life,
has destroyed the five lower bonds to the sensual world, and is born
spontaneously, not to proceed?' `Vaccha, not one, not one hundred, not two
hundred, not three hundred, not four hundred, not five hundred. There are many
more lay disciples of mine, who have destroyed the five lower bonds to the
sensual world, and born spontaneously would not proceed,' `Good, Gotama, wait!
Other thanbhikkhus, bhikkhunis and lay disciples of Gotama, who wear white
clothes and lead the holy life. Is there a single a lay disciple, who wears
white clothes, leads the holy life, while partaking sensual pleasures, and doing
the work in the dispensation has dispelled doubts. Has become confident of what
should and should not be done, and does not need a teacher any more in the
dispensation of the Teacher. Vaccha, not one, not one hundred, not two hundred,
not three hundred, not four hundred, not five hundred. There are many more lay
disciples of mine, wearing white clothes leadingthe holy life, while partaking
sensual pleasures and doing the work in the dispensation have dispelled doubts
Have become confident of what should and should not be done and do not need a
teacher any more,' `Good, Gotama, wait! Other than the bhikkhus, bhikkhunis, the
lay disciples who have arisen spontaneously and will not proceed, and the ones
who have entered the stream of the Teaching and are confident, is there a single
female lay disciple of good Gotama. Who wears white clothes leads the holy life
has destroyed the five lower bonds to the sensual world, and is born
spontaneously not to proceed' `Vaccha, not one, not one hundred, not two
hundred, not three hundred, not four hundred, not five hundred. There are many
more female lay disciples of mine, who have destroyed the five lower bonds to
the sensual world, and are born spontaneously not to proceed,' `Good, Gotama,
wait! Other than the bhikkhus, bhikkhunis, lay disciples arisen spontaneously
who would not proceed and the ones who have entered the stream of the Teaching
and are confident and the lay female disciples who have arisen apontaneously not
to proceed is there is a single female lay disciple. Who wears white clothes
leads the holy life, while partaking sensual pleasures, anddoing the work in the
dispensation has dispelled doubts, has become confident, of what should and
should not be done and does not need a teacher any more. `'Vaccha, not one, not
one hundred, not two hundred, not three hundred, not four hundred, not five
hundred. There are many more female lay disciples of mine wearing white clothes
lead the holy life, while partaking sensual pleasures, doing the work in the
dispensation have dispelled doubts. Have become confident of what should and
should not be done. They do not need a teacher any more in the dispensation of
the Teacher.
Good Gotama, if in this Dispensation good Gotama only was perfect and not the
bhikkhus, by that factor this holy life is incomplete. Since good Gotama, as
well the bhikkhus are perfcted, this holy life is complete. If in this
Dispensation good Gotama andthe bhikkhus only were perfected and not the
bhikkhunis by that this holy life is incomplete. Since good Gotama, the bhikkhus
and the bhikkhunis are perfcted, this holy life is complete. If in this Teaching
good Gotama, the bhikkhus and the bhikkhunis were perfected and not the lay
disciples who wear white clothes and lead the holy life by that, this holy life
is incomplete. Since good Gotama, the bhikkhus bhikkhunis and the lay disciples,
who wear white clothes are also perfcted, this holy life is complete. If in this
Dispensation good Gotama, the bhikkhus bhikkhunis andthe lay disciples who wear
white clothes and lead the holy lifewere perfected and not the lay disciples who
wear white clothes and partake sensual pleasuresby that, this holy life is
incomplete. Since good Gotama, the bhikkhus, bhikkhunis and the lay disciples
who wear white clothes and lead the holy life and also the lay disciples who
wear white clothes and partake sensual pleasures are also perfcted, this holy
life is complete. If in this Teaching good Gotama, the bhikkhus, bhikkhunis, the
lay disciples who wear white clothes and lead the holy lifeand the lay disciples
who wear white clothes and partake sensual pleasures, were perfected and not the
lay disciples female who wear white clothes and lead the holy lifeby that factor
this holy life is incomplete. Since good Gotama, the bhikkhus, bhikkhunis, lay
disciples who wear white clothes and lead the holy life, lay disciple who wear
white clothes and partake sensual pleasures and also the lay disciple female who
wear white clothes and lead the holy life are also perfcted, this holy life is
complete If in this Teaching good Gotama, the bhikkhus, bhikkhunis, lay
disciples who wear white clothes and lead the holy life, and lay disciples who
wear white clothes and partake sensual pleasures and the lay disciples female
who wear white clothes and lead the holy life, and not the lay disciples who
wear white clothes and partake sensual pleasuresby that this holy life is
incomplete. Since good Gotama, the bhikkhus, bhikkhunis, lay disciples who wear
white clothes and lead the holy life, lay disciple who wear white clothes and
partake sensual pleasures and lay disciple female who wear white clothes and
lead the holy life, and also lay disciples female who partake sensual pleasures
areperfcted, this holy life is complete.
ßGood Gotama, like the Ganges, which bends towards the ocean, and flows straight
into the ocean, likewise the gathering of good Gotama, those gone forth together
with the householders are bent towards and stand close to extinction. Good
Gotama, now I understand. It's like something over turned is reinstalled. As
something covered is made manifest. As the path is told to someone who had lost
his way. As though an oil lamp was lighted for the darkness, for those who have
sight to see forms. Good Gotama, the Teaching is explained in various ways. Now
I take refuge in good Gotama, in the Teaching and the Community of bhikkhus. May
I gain the going forth and the higher ordination in the dispensastion of good
Gotama. `Vaccha, one of another sect desiring the going forth and the higher
ordination in this dispensation, should wait four months, as a perid of
probation. At the end of which time the bhikkhus pleased would give him the
going forth and the higher ordination. It is to test the personal differences'.
`Venerable sir, if one of another sect desiring the going forth and the higher
ordination have to wait four months, on probation. I will be on probation for
four years. When, the bhikkhus are pleased may they give me the going forth and
the higher ordination. The wandering ascetic Vacchagotta received the going
forth and the higher ordination.
Two weeks after venerable Vacchagotta receivd the higher ordination, he
approached the Blessed One, worshipped, sat on a side and said to the Blessed
One. `Venerable sir, I have gained the knowledge of a trainer. May the Blessed
One instruct me further,' `Then Vaccha, you should develop two things further.
Develop calm and insight. Vaccha, when calm and insight is developed, it
conduces to experiencing the various elements.
Vaccha, when you desire, experience the various super-normal powers. One,
becoming many and many becoming one. Go unobstructd through walls, embankments
and mountains, as going through air. Dive, in and come out of earth as in water.
Walk, unbroken on water, as on earth. Sit with legs crossed, in space, as birds
small and large do. Touch the moon and sun, as powerful as they are. Wield power
with the body as far as the world of brahma. That will be the eye -witness for
the development of that and other mental faculty.
Vaccha, when you desire, with the heavenly ear element purified beyond human,
hear the various sounds, heavenly and human, far or near, to you that
mindfulness becomes the eye-witness in that mental faculty.
Vaccha, if you desire, penetrate and know the mental states of others. Know, the
mind with greed and without greed, the angry mind and the not angry mind. the
deluded mind and the non-deluded mind, the attentive mind and the distracted
mind, the developed mind and the undeveloped mind, the mind with a compare and
the mind without a compare, the concentrated mind, and the unconcentrated mind,
the released mind, and the unreleased mind. To you that mindfulness becomes the
eye-witness in that mental faculty.
Vaccha, if you desire, recollect the various manifold previous births. Such as
one birth, two births, three, four, five, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty
births, a hundred births, a thousand births, a hundred thousand births, an
innumerable forward cycle of births, an innumerable backward cycle of births and
an innumerable forward and backward cycle of births. There I was of such name,
clan, disposition, supports and experiencing these pleasant and unpleasant
feelings and with such a life span. Disappearing from there was born here, with
such name, clan, disposition, supports and experiencing, these pleasant and
unpleasant feelings. With such a life span. Disappearing from there is born
here. Thus recollect the various manifold previous births that mindfulness, is
the eye witness, in that mental faculty.
Vaccha, if you so desire with the heavenly eye element purified beyond human,
see beings disappearing and appearing unexalted and exalted, beautiful and ugly,
in good and bad states. Know beings according their actions. These good beings,
misbehaving by body, speech and mind, blaming noble ones, with wrong view and
with the wrong view of actions, after death go to loss, go to decrease and are
born in hell. These good beings, with right conduct by body, speech and mind,
not blaming noble ones, with right view and with the right view of actions,
after death go to increase and are born in heaven. Thus with the heavenly eye
element purified beyond human see beings disappearing and appearing according
their actions, and that mindfulness becomes the eye-witness to you in that
mental faculty.
Vaccha, if you so desire, with the destruction of desires, release the mind of
desires, and be released through wisdom, realising it here and now. That
mindfulness becomes eye witness, in that mental faculty.
Then venerable Vacchagotta, delighted with the words of the Blessed One, got up
from his seat, worshipped and circumambulated the Blessed One and went away.
Venerable Vacchagotta secluded and withdrawn from the crowd abode diligent for
dispelling. For whatever reason sons of clansmen leave the household rightfully
and go forth as a homeless that incomparable end of the holy life he, here and
now realised and abode. He knew, birth is destroyed, the holy life is lived,
what should be done is done, there is nothing more to wish. Venerable
Vacchagotta became one of the perfect ones.
At that time many bhikkhus were going to see the Blessed One, and venerable
Vacchagotta saw those bhikkhus in the distance, approached them and said to
them: `Venerable ones, where are you going now?'. `Friend, we are going to see
the Blessed One'. `If that is so, worship the feet of the Blessed One for me and
tell -'Venerable sir, the bhikkhu Vacchagotta worships the feet of the Blessed
One and says, I'm a perfect. one'. The bhikkhus agreed, approached the Blessed
One, worshipped, sat on side and said. `Venerable sir, venerable Vacchagotta
says he worships the feet of the Blessed One and says that he is perfected'
`Bhikkhus, even before, I knew that venerable Vacchagotta is perfect, I knew it
by penetrating his mind. Bhikkhus, he is very powerful, knows the three
knowledges. Even the gods informed me about this'.
The Blessed One said this and those bhikkhus delighted in the words of the
Blessed One.