Maha Buddhavamsa
The Great Chronicle of The Buddhas
by Tipitakadhara Mingun Sayadaw
Mahàsamaya Sutta Exposition
Grand meeting of five hundred bhikkhus happened at cold
night on the full moon night in the month of Jetthamasa. As soon as
five hundred Arahanta was sitting in their places,
emerged the moon from behind the summit of Mount Yugandhara in east
part of the earth, free from the five hindrances, i.e. the dew, fog,
clouds, eclipses, and smoke. Full round moon looked like
form of silver mirror plate or as a wheel made
of silver, suspended high above the eastern horizon,
shining brightly as if to say that the world is beautiful and
happy with the appearance of the Perfect Buddha. On
a very happy time, the Tathagata is still silent in
Mahavana Forest near Kapilavatthu, Sakka kingdom, together
with five hundred Arahanta.
Gathering of the Gods and Brahma
The gods who dwell around Mahavana, with full
excitement, invite each other, "O friends, let's
go; to pay homage to Buddha is
a good deed; listening to the Dhamma is
useful; pay homage to Samgha will obtain large
merits; come, my friends, let us go. "So
they shouted to each other, they gathered in front of Buddha,
He also bowed to the five hundred bhikkhus of the new
just attain Arahatta holiness.
Their cries of passion, spread further, reaching a distance of
in layered, from close range, up to half gàvuta, until
one gàvuta, half yojana, one yojana and extends from the center of the
universe up to ten thousand of the universe that surrounds it.
All the gods and Brahmas, who settled in ten thousand
universe, gathered in the universe with the exception
some brahma, such as Brahma Asannàsa (no
awareness), Brahma Arupa (without form), and the Brahma
Samapatti (which sank in the attainment of jhana).
At that time, the universe is entirely filled by the
gods from a variety of heavenly realm, to Brahma realm (such as a
needle box filled with needle until not leave
empty space in between). They all came to attend
Grand meeting. The distance between the Brahma realm and human realm
guess can be calculated by dropping a large rock
(For the seven-storey palace, known as 'Lohapàsàda'
in Sri Lanka) from Brahma realm. It takes four months
for the boulder to reach the human realm. The space between
two worlds is crowded with the gods and Brahma so
there is no space for even a flower or a
mustard seed can escape from that place.
When a king of the world sitting in a meeting
with the kings of his followers, the king who came first
will occupy a seat at the king around the world (which is more
comfortable). But that came later would occupy a place
sitting in the back and less crowded and uncomfortable.
All the more powerful Brahma, like Brahma Mahesakkha,
occupies a seat near the Tathagata. Even so,
full power of the Brahmins who were also should try to make themselves
they occupy a place as comfortable as possible with a narrow
measuring only the tail of yak, the group numbered
ten, twenty to sixty, to minimize
their body size.
Delay of Four Brahma Suddhàvàsa
When the Tathagata and five hundred Arahanta with the gods and
brahma from ten thousand universe, has been assembled, the four
Brahma Suddhàvàsa (Arahanta) arise from jhana after time
that particular already ended. When they look around
Brahma realm, they do not see any signs of life
(Such as the dining room is a mess after eating). After
investigate 'where the Brahmas go' they see that
Grand meetings are in progress.
That Four Brahma Arahanta discussed, "This is a Grand
Meeting and we left behind, and there will be no room left for
too late. We must not come empty-handed;
each of us must prepare one stanza poem to
meeting. Stanzas of this poem will be a notice for
our arrival and as a gesture of our respect to the
Tathagata. "With the deal, each brahma
compose one stanza poem before leaving the Brahma realm
and then, one Arahanta Brahma down to the east of the
Universe: others fell in the south of the universe; the other
again fell to the west of the universe and the last drop
north of the universe.
(1) Arahanta Brahma down to the east of the universe
enters jhana through meditation with dark blue objects
(indigo / nila kasina), and to notify its presence,
his dark blue light emitting from his body that includes
all the gods and Brahma of ten thousand of the universe
as if they were covered by a blanket of emerald. Then
along the path he crosses, Buddha vithi, (free from
all obstacles and are provided for ease of Tathagata)
and stood in front of the Tathagata, saluted by
say the poem he had composed:
Mahàsamayo pavanasamim
devakàyà samàgatà
àgatamhà imam Dhammasamayam
dakkhitàye aparàjitaSamgham
"The Greatest, Venerable Buddha ... Today, a
Grand meeting of the gods and Brahmas of ten thousand
universe is in progress at the Mahavana Forest
as a tribute to the Arahanta who have
conquered Three Mara with pure confidence.
As with all the gods and Brahmas here, we also came
with great excitement to the meeting to give
respect to the winners who are invincible, the
Arahanta, the pure faith. "
After saying this poem, he came back (because not
get anywhere near the throne of the Buddha) to the edge
east of the universe and stood there.
(2) Brahma fell on southern edge of the universe
is entered jhana through a meditation with color objects
golden yellow (pita kasina), and to notify
presence, it emits light golden yellow
of his body that includes all the gods and Brahma of
ten thousand of the universe as if they were covered by
golden robe. Then, after walking as well as
first brahma, he approached the Tathagata and utter
the following poem:
Tatra bhikkhavo samàdahamsu
cittamattano ujukamakamsu
sàrathiva nettàni gahetvà
Indriyani rakkhanti pandità
"The Greatest, Buddha The Exalted ... in meeting
the gods and Brahma, five hundred Arahanta have been keeping
inner peace and peace is always through the development
Lokuttara concentration, appanà samadhi. They have been keeping
his mind is always straight, free from irregularities
such as cows urine flowing tortuous. Like
an expert driver who controls the horses of Sindhara
that benign, holding the reins gently without
pulled with rude, in order to gain comfort in
the cart is pulled by a horse. Five hundred Arahanta
this, the wise in the Way of Knowledge, Magga Nana, has
keep the doors of the senses, eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body,
and the mind from defilements attacks by using
the guard's attention. The Greatest, Buddha The Exalted ...we
came to this Mahavana Forest with the aim to give
respect to these five hundred Arahanta. "
Then he returned to his place on the southern edge of the natural
universe as its predecessor and stands there.
(3) Then Brahma down on the west side of
universe entering Jhana through meditation object
red color (lohita kasina), and to notify
presence, it emits red light from his body
which includes all the gods and Brahmas of ten thousand
universe as if they were covered by a red robe.
Then after walking just as his predecessor, he
approach Tathagata, and pronounce the following poem:
Chetvà khilam chetvà paligham
Inda khilam uhacca manejà
te caranti suddhà Vimala
cakkhumatà sudantà susunàgà
The Greatest, Buddha Most High, the young Arahanta
who have been taught correctly, has been conquered and
tamed to control the six senses by the Tathagata
which has five eyes: Buddha cakkhu, the eyes of a
Buddha was able to see into the mind of sentient
creatures; Dhamma cakkhu, the eye of truth which means
Road Knowledge achievement; Samanta cakkhu, eyes of all
knowledge, Omniscience; Mamsa cakkhu, physical eye
very sharp and flavorings; Dibbacakkhu, eye-god who is always
penetrate, see everything that happens even in the hidden
realms; the young Arahanta has been cut off
the thorns of lust, hatred, and ignorance (lobha, dosa, moha)
with Four sword Magga Nana; they have removed
and destroying the bars and the key (from the bedroom door
of birth), namely, lobha, dosa, and moha, which inhibits
freedom from samsara; with the same weapon Magga
Nana, they have removed the pillars lobha, dosa,
and moha, and stood at the gates of the city 'Sakkàya',
(Beliefs about the 'self') with the help of four Magga.
Since they have no attachment, free from all stain
and lust, they are free to travel the four corners
unimpeded defilements. We come to give
respect to these young Arahanta.
Then he returned to the western edge of the universe and the same
like its predecessor, standing there.
(4) Then Brahma down on the edge of north
universe entering Jhana through meditation with object
white color(odàta kasina), and to notify
presence, it emits a white light from its body
which includes all the gods and Brahma of ten thousand
universe as if they were covered by a cloak made
of jasmine flowers. Then, after walking as well as
his predecessor, he approached the Tathagata and utter poetry
which he composed:
Ye keci Buddham Saranam gatàse
na te gamissanti apàyabhumim
pahàya mànusam deham
devakàyam paripuressanti
The Greatest, Venerable Buddha, every creature that has been
refuge in the Buddha with confidence will not be
born in the four states of woe i.e., full of suffering realm,
animals, petas, and asuras.
After saying this stanza, he returned to the northern edge of the
universe as its predecessor.
Tathagata saw that the Grand Meeting of the gods and Brahmas
occur in the vast space of a width up to the edge
universe and the height reached Brahma Akanittha.
Tathagata consider, "This is a gathering of the gods
and Brahmas that very large; five hundred bhikkhus may not be
aware of this fact. I will make them aware of
this. "Then He said to the bhikkhus:
"Bhikkhus, all the gods and Brahmas of ten thousand
universes have gathered here to pay homage to
Buddha's appearance, Sugato, as well as the
Buddhas in the past, and also to pay homage to
the bhikkhus. Bhikkhus, as well as this Grand Meeting,
meeting of the gods and Brahma like this (with the same
amount, no more no less) also occurs in the era of
Previous Buddha.
Bhikkhus, as well as this Grand Meeting, the meeting of
the gods and Brahmas like this (with the same amount, no
more no less) will also occur in the future Buddhas
period. "
Gods and Brahmas Thought As well as the Tathagata
The gods and Brahma are present at the meeting argued
that, considering the large number of gods and Brahma
are present, the Tathagata would just mention the names of the
gods and Brahma that have high power and the gods
and Brahma that not important will not be called. Tathagata,
consider what is in their minds, as
though gripped their minds with his hands, or
like a thief who was caught with the
evidence, decide:
"I'll mention name and clan of all gods and Brahmas
of ten thousand universes, who attended this meeting
regardless of whether they are in power or not. "
The Buddha was the Great and noble. No one escapes
His vision and knowledge. Throughout the six objects of sense
contact with the human sense organs and the gods
generating awareness of the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body,
and awareness of the mind is to be in their perception,
without any hindrance. Tathagata, has the ability
to discriminate between those who have been ripe for
liberated from samsara and those that are not ready to
received Liberation. Tathagata first rule
beings who are not ready and noticed that they
could benefit from his teachings.
Among those that can be liberated from samsara, the Tathagata
divided into six groups according to the their
tendency, namely: the gods and Brahma with a tendency to
lust, attachment (caritam body), the gods and Brahma with
tendency to hatred (dosa caritam), the gods and
Brahma with a tendency to ignorance (moha caritam),
the gods and Brahma with a tendency on the picture
of mind (vitakka), the gods and Brahma with a tendency
to belief (Saddha), the gods and Brahma with
tendency on the wisdom (panna).
Then, from the six groups, the Tathagata decided
that the gods and Brahma with a tendency to lust,
attachment should be taught Samma Paribbàjaniya Sutta; those
which has a tendency to hatred, Kalahavivàda
Sutta, who have a tendency on the picture of
mind, Culabyuha Sutta; those who have a tendency
on conviction, Tuvattakapatipadà Sutta and those with
tendency in wisdom should be taught Puràbheda
Sutta.
Tathagata then determine how to teach the
according to the assembly of the gods and Brahmas of four
kind of way, that is,
(1) Teaching as Buddha's wish, attajjhàsaya sutta nikkhepa.
(2) teaching appropriate to audience wish, parajjhàsaya sutta
nikkhepa.
(3) The teaching according to the ongoing situation, atthuppattika
sutta nikkhepa.
(4) Teaching in the form of answers to specific questions,
pucchàvasika sutta nikkhepa.
And he felt that the gods and Brahma will be
achieved Liberation through the penetration of the Four Noble
Truths after listening to the sermon He expound with
how to answer the question asked in accordance to their
tendency. Tathagata then try to see if from
five hundred Arahanta are there any whose able to ask questions
corresponding to the inclination of the gods and Brahmas, and
see that no one can afford. He also saw
that eighty senior students and two Major Students are also not
able to ask such questions.
He saw that a Pacceka Buddha is also not able to
ask such questions. Tathagata then
consider whether the god Sakka or Suyama can
fulfill the task, but the Tathagata saw that they also
are unable to ask such questions.
Tathagata finally realized that only a Buddha
achieve Perfect Enlightenment like Him who is able
ask questions that correspond to the tendency of
gods and Brahma. Tathagata looking into the realm of the universe-
countless universe with the sharpness of His-
eye is not limited to see whether there are other Buddha
at another universe, and he saw that no equal-
Him in universe anywhere.
(Note: No wonder the Tathagata can not find one
any of creatures that equal-Him (because it does not exist).
There is nothing equal to him among men and gods,
even at the moment of his last birth, He said
express terms, 'Aggohamasmi lokassa', 'I am the highest in
the entire universe. 'If while still just baby, no one
match Him, especially now, after becoming a Buddha
achieve Perfect Enlightenment).
Creating Artificial Himself That Precisely Like Buddha
Seeing that there is no other Buddha like himself, the Tathagata
considering that, "The gods and Brahmas will not be
can get Clear View of penetrating into
Dhamma if I was asked and I answered myself.
Only if there is another Buddha who asked the question and
I give an answer, which will bring benefits and the
gods and Brahma will be able to get Clear View the
penetrate the teachings. I will create a clone of my self
exactly the same. "With this decision, the Tathagata enters
Jhana Rupàvacara (kriya) the fourth which is the basis for the
development of supernatural powers, Abhinnà. Then, out of
Jhana, the Tathagata is committed, through the practice of mental processes' Mahàkriyà
Nanasampayutta Adhitthàna javana ', that a Buddha
exactly the same as himself, in all things like wearing
robe and holding a bowl, staring straight ahead and
glanced sideways, bending and straightening
agency, will be created.
Thus the Buddha Tathagata creates another, imitation
exactly the same as himself, as if emerging from the surface
The new moon rises from the summit of Mount Yugandhara
to the east.
Various Sight of Gods and Brahmas
Seeing the Buddha that newly created, gods and Brahma
expressing their vision by saying, "Friends,
another moon has appeared in the next of moon that exist
before. "When the Buddha who newly created appears
from the surface of the moon and coming toward them, they
change their minds and said, "My friends, it's not a moon
but the sun comes up. "When that imitation was closer,
they said, "My friends, it's not the sun, but
palace of the gods. "At a closer look, they say," My friends,
It is not a palace, but the gods "and again they said,
"My friends, it's not a god, but the Maha Brahma," and
finally while very near, they concluded "'friends,
it is not the Maha Brahma, in fact, it is the Another
Buddha came up to us. "
Among the creatures that were there, the gods and
brahma regular (puthujjana) thinks, "The universe is crowded
with the gods and Brahma who gathered to give
tribute to one of the Buddha, is not inconceivable
the large number of gods and Brahma for two
Buddhas. "The gods and Brahma Ariya concluded that
there can't be two Buddhas in the same universe at
the same time, therefore the others must be the Buddha
exactly the same creation by the Tathagata.
Meanwhile, the Buddha replica came closer to the Tathagata
accompanied by the gaze of the gods and Brahma, then sit
dealing with the Tathagata, in the same seat
high, without paying homage to the Tathagata.
There are thirty-two Great human traits in the body
Buddha, and Buddha clone (nimmita) it also has features that
the same. Six rays radiating brilliant colors of the Buddha's body;
and light the same six colors radiating from the scintillating
nimmita body of Buddha. The light reflected by the body of the Buddha
nimmita Buddha, as Buddha's light body nimmita
reflected by the body of Buddha. Flashes of light emanating from the
Buddha and the Buddha's body nimmita radiated up to the Brahma
Akanittha, perched on the heads of gods and Brahma before
spread to the edge of the universe. The whole universe
look-shaped staircase, made of blocks of gold, which
surrounding a stupa, looks Grand and magnificent.
All the gods and Brahma of ten thousand universes,
gathered together in this universe, enclosed in a room
formed by the rays emanating from both
Buddha's body and nimmita Buddha.
Nimmita Buddha in a sitting position to ask questions,
after greeting formally praise the Buddha for having
conquer defilements, kilesa, on the throne of Perfect
Enlightenment under a Bodhi tree.
Before answering the question posed by nimmita Buddha,
(Prior to expound Sammàparibbàjaniya Sutta), the Buddha
in order to make inner mind of gods and Brahma became
soft, pliant, firm, and calm, decided to greet
them, by calling names, their families and tribes,
without discrimination on the level and status. Thus the Buddha
preached the sermon 'Mahàsamaya Sutta' which begins with
the words, 'àcikkhissàmi bhikkhave devakàyànam nàmàmi'' and
so on, which means' the bhikkhus, I will mention
identity of the audience by announcing the name, family and
their tribes 'and so on.'
(Mahàsamaya Sutta described in detail by the
educated in the Pali language and the translation (translation of the word
for word, nissaya, based on the Pali Canon of Maha vagga. However,
should be mentioned in particular is a manuscript entitled
'Explanation of Mahàsamaya Sutta in Pali language and meaning of the word
for-word 'by Venerable Bhaddanta Nandiya, a Thera
who settled in the Vihara Mahàvisutàràma in Pakokku. There are
a part, at the end of the manuscript, which describes six
tendency described by the Buddha in the six sermons
such as Sammàparibbàjaniya that following Mahàsamaya Sutta;
written in Pali language and translated word for word).
Large Amount of Gods and Brahmas Achieve Freedom
At the end of the sermon Mahàsamaya Sutta, one hundred thousand crore gods and
brahmas successfully achieve Arahatta holiness, and they who
attain Sotapanna holiness uncountable (according
Maha vagga commentary).
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